Childhood chronic gastritis and duodenitis: Role of altered sensory neuromediators

Figure 3 Vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the control (n = 30) and study (n = 52) groups. A: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels were significantly lower in the gastric mucosa from sites with severe (S1) and less severe (S2) gastritis than in the control group. (P = 0.0095, P = 0.0013, first extraction, respectively (a and b); P = 0.001, P = 0.030, second extraction, respectively (a and b)]. The VIP levels were significantly lower in S1 (a) samples than in S2 (c) samples in both the first and second extractions (P = 0.017 and P = 0.030, respectively); B: There were no significant differences in VIP levels between H. pylori (+) and H. pylori (-) patients; C: VIP levels were significantly higher in patients with low-grade gastritis. H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.