Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2016; 22(34): 7797-7805
Published online Sep 14, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i34.7797
Table 3 Risk factors for pancreatic fistula according to univariate analysis
VariablePOPF occurrence
YesNoχ2P value
Sex7.0420.008
Male186157
Female83113
Age (yr)2.1320.144
≥ 6099116
< 60170154
Body mass index (kg/m2)5.0660.024
> 258562
≤ 25184208
Hypertension0.9380.332
Yes6253
No207217
Diabetes mellitus3.9410.047
Yes2945
No240225
Drinking history0.1690.681
Yes7773
No193197
Smoking history1.4260.232
Yes7866
No191204
Epigastrium surgery0.6400.424
Yes1823
No251247
Preoperative biliary drainage0.4060.524
Yes6559
No204211
Preoperative total bilirubin (μmol/L)0.3780.539
> 1717367
≤ 171196203
Serum albumin (g/L)0.0000.985
< 354141
≥ 35228229
Blood glucose (mmol/L)9.1570.002
≤ 6.0190157
> 6.079113
Pancreaticojejunostomy20.3230.000
Double-layer mucosa-to-mucosa229169
Single-layer mucosa-to-mucosa5091
Blood loss (mL)0.1340.715
> 6003437
≤ 600235225
Pancreatic duct diameter (mm)19.6870.000
≤ 3185135
> 384135
Pylorus-preserving0.0170.897
Yes131133
No138137
Pancreatic duct drainage0.0160.900
External6463
Enteral205207
Intraoperative blood infusion1.3100.252
Yes3646
No233224
Operative time (min)0.2990.584
> 300196191
≤ 3007379
Braun anastomosis2.2740.132
Yes7894
No192175
Pancreatic texture29.3300.000
Soft228174
Hard4196