Computer-aided texture analysis combined with experts' knowledge: Improving endoscopic celiac disease diagnosis

Table 2 All individual mean classification accuracies and standard deviations (±) for all configurations. Feature extraction was performed based on local binary patterns, multi-fractal spectrum and improved Fisher vectors

Feature extraction	Data set	Expert	Patch-based				Image-based				Patient-based
			Expert diagnosis		Hybrid diagnosis		Expert diagnosis		Hybrid diagnosis		Expert diagnosis		Hybrid diagnosis
			mean	±	mean	±	mean	±	mean	±	mean	±	mean	±
LBP	DB-1	A	0.870	0.057	0.910	0.042	0.970	0.027	0.964	0.033	0.970	0.058	0.972	0.033
LBP	DB-2	A	0.857	0.042	0.910	0.040	0.957	0.026	0.955	0.038	0.988	0.047	0.999	0.005
LBP	DB-3	A	0.773	0.051	0.902	0.059	0.963	0.020	0.965	0.036	0.995	0.055	0.994	0.016
LBP	DB-1	B	0.834	0.063	0.909	0.051	0.879	0.053	0.908	0.046	0.873	0.066	0.947	0.062
LBP	DB-2	B	0.827	0.051	0.903	0.048	0.896	0.040	0.905	0.048	0.946	0.046	0.998	0.009
LBP	DB-3	B	0.627	0.058	0.883	0.057	0.818	0.040	0.913	0.047	0.832	0.070	0.960	0.064
LBP	DB-1	C	0.882	0.052	0.916	0.045	0.778	0.070	0.902	0.057	0.799	0.064	0.959	0.053
LBP	DB-2	C	0.912	0.037	0.926	0.044	0.893	0.033	0.914	0.040	0.943	0.036	0.991	0.017
LBP	DB-3	C	0.718	0.064	0.892	0.053	0.879	0.045	0.922	0.042	0.946	0.059	0.984	0.035
MFS	DB-1	A	0.870	0.057	0.891	0.051	0.970	0.027	0.964	0.026	0.970	0.058	0.974	0.032
MFS	DB-2	A	0.857	0.042	0.878	0.040	0.957	0.026	0.955	0.038	0.988	0.047	0.999	0.005
MFS	DB-3	A	0.773	0.051	0.817	0.062	0.963	0.020	0.968	0.035	0.995	0.055	0.994	0.016
MFS	DB-1	B	0.834	0.063	0.899	0.062	0.879	0.053	0.887	0.065	0.873	0.066	0.932	0.067
MFS	DB-2	B	0.827	0.051	0.853	0.061	0.896	0.040	0.901	0.060	0.946	0.046	0.997	0.011
MFS	DB-3	B	0.627	0.058	0.776	0.074	0.818	0.040	0.840	0.064	0.832	0.070	0.950	0.064
MFS	DB-1	C	0.882	0.052	0.909	0.050	0.778	0.070	0.862	0.055	0.799	0.064	0.925	0.053
MFS	DB-2	C	0.912	0.037	0.929	0.049	0.893	0.033	0.888	0.053	0.943	0.036	0.993	0.017
MFS	DB-3	C	0.718	0.064	0.811	0.071	0.879	0.045	0.888	0.067	0.946	0.059	0.944	0.090
IFV	DB-1	A	0.870	0.057	0.903	0.046	0.970	0.027	0.968	0.032	0.970	0.058	0.976	0.033
IFV	DB-2	A	0.857	0.042	0.889	0.044	0.957	0.026	0.957	0.038	0.988	0.047	0.999	0.005
IFV	DB-3	A	0.773	0.051	0.880	0.061	0.963	0.020	0.968	0.035	0.995	0.055	0.996	0.010
IFV	DB-1	B	0.834	0.063	0.903	0.048	0.879	0.053	0.910	0.049	0.873	0.066	0.961	0.049
IFV	DB-2	B	0.827	0.051	0.878	0.055	0.896	0.040	0.908	0.059	0.946	0.046	0.996	0.010
IFV	DB-3	B	0.627	0.058	0.883	0.054	0.818	0.040	0.903	0.053	0.832	0.070	0.997	0.037
IFV	DB-1	C	0.882	0.052	0.908	0.047	0.778	0.070	0.892	0.058	0.799	0.064	0.954	0.061
IFV	DB-2	C	0.912	0.037	0.923	0.052	0.893	0.033	0.906	0.048	0.943	0.036	0.993	0.012
IFV	DB-3	C	0.718	0.064	0.887	0.055	0.879	0.045	0.925	0.044	0.946	0.059	0.981	0.024

LBP: Local binary patterns; MFS: Multi-fractal spectrum; IFV: Improved Fisher vectors.