Endoscopic and non-endoscopic approaches for the management of radiation-induced rectal bleeding

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6972

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2016; 22(31): 6972-6986
Published online Aug 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6972

Table 3 Non-endoscopic medical therapy for radiation proctitis

	Proposed mechanism	Indications
Sucralfate	Protection from injury	RCT supports treatment of chronic proctitis
Metronidazole	Antibiotic/Immunomodulator	RCT supports treatment of chronic proctitis
5-aminosalicylic acid derivatives	Anti-inflammatory	Mixed results
Probiotics/antioxidants	Immunomodulator/free radical scavenger	Mixed results, but with minimal side effects
Butyrate	Colonocyte nutrient	RCT supports treatment of acute proctitis
Topical formalin	Coagulative necrosis	Effective for chronic proctitis though significant morbidity
Hyperbaric oxygen	Promotes angiogenesis and healing	RCT supports treatment of chronic proctitis

RCT: Randomized controlled trial.

Citation: Weiner JP, Wong AT, Schwartz D, Martinez M, Aytaman A, Schreiber D. Endoscopic and non-endoscopic approaches for the management of radiation-induced rectal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(31): 6972-6986
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i31/6972.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.6972