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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2016; 22(3): 1067-1077
Published online Jan 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.1067
Table 2 Methods of endothelium dysfunction assessment
Proteins activated by normal and activated endotheliumCell-based methods
Angiopoietin-1Circulating angiogenic cells
Angiopoietin-2Endothelial progenitor cells
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)Endothelial microparticles
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-13 (ADAMTS13)
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CAM-1)
Plasminogen-activator inhibitor (PAI-1)
Selectins P and E
Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)
Thrombomodulin
Vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
von Willebrand factor (vWF)
Non-invasive physical methods
Carotis intima-media thickness (cIMT)
Flow mediated dilatation (FMD)
Pulse arterial tonometry (PAT)
Pulse wave analysis (PWA)
Pulse wave velocity (PWV)
Reactive hyperaemia index (RHI)