Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: Evidence based literature review

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6296

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Evidence-Based Medicine

World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2016; 22(27): 6296-6317
Published online Jul 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6296

Table 1 Commonly studied environmental factors in inflammatory bowel diseases

Environmental factor
Lifestyle
Smoking
Sleep
Stress
Diet
Breastfeeding
Pharmacologic agents
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Antibiotics
Oral contraceptives
Vaccination
Gut Microbiome
Dysbiosis
Ecological factors
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Low Vitamin D
Surgery
Appendectomy

Citation: Abegunde AT, Muhammad BH, Bhatti O, Ali T. Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: Evidence based literature review. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(27): 6296-6317
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i27/6296.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6296