Alpha-fetoprotein-targeted reporter gene expression imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 3 Reporter gene expression imaging by alpha-fetoprotein enhancer/promoter system

Tumor model	Mouse strain	Induction of HCC	Reporter gene	Delivery system	Injection route	Ref.
Xenograft	NOD/SCID	HuH-7 cells	hNIS	Adenovirus1	IV	Kim et al[56]
	BALB/c nude		TK/fLuc	Adenovirus1	IT	Park et al[57]
	NOD/SCID		fLuc	Adenovirus1	IV	Kim et al[58]
	BALB/c nude		hNIS	Plasmid2	-	Jin et al[52]
	CD-1 nude	HepG2 cells	hNIS	Adenovirus1	IT	Klutz et al[54]
	BALB/c nude		hNIS	Adenovirus1	IT	Ma et al[55]
	NMRI nude		hNIS	Plasmid2	-	Willhauck et al[53]
Carcinogen-induced	C57BL/6	DEN	fLuc	Adenovirus1	IV	Kim et al[58]
	FVB/N	DEN	TK/fLuc	Transgenesis3	-	Lu et al[59]
	C57BL/6	DEN	fLuc	Transgenesis3	-	Park et al[60]

¹Adenovirus: in vivo delivery of reporter gene;

²Plasmid: use of reporter gene transfected cells;

³Transgenesis: use of transgenic reporter mice. DEN: Diethylnitrosamine; fLuc: Firefly luciferase; hNIS: Human sodium iodide symporter; IT: Intratumoral injection; IV: Intravenous injection; NOD/SCID: Non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency; TK: Thymidine kinase; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.