Application of cystoscope in surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus

Figure 2 Endoscopic images of portal vein before and after thrombectomy. A: Before thrombectomy, endoscopy revealed scattered tissue of tumor thrombus near the opening stump; B: Residual tumor thrombus was adhered to the inner wall of the portal vein near the conjunction; C: After repeated retraction of the residual tumor thrombus, endoscopy revealed a clean inner wall of the portal vein with no macroscopic thrombus remaining; D: The left secondary branch of the portal vein was clean with no scattered thrombus.