Targeted therapies in gastric cancer and future perspectives

Table 1 Completed randomized Phase II and Phase III trials

Target	Agents	Name of trial and setting	Phase	Number of patients	PFS (mo)	P value	OS (mo)	P value	Results
HER-2	Fluoropyrimide/cisplain + Trastuzumab vs Fluoropyrimide/cisplain	ToGA, First line	III	594	6.7 vs 5·5	< 0.001	13.8 vs 11.1	0.004	PFS and OS was improved
HER-2	Lapatinib plus once-per-week paclitaxel vs paclitaxel	TYTAN, Second line	III	261	5.4 vs 4.4	0.850	11.0 vs 8.9	0.104	No effect on PFS and OS
HER-2	Cap/Ox plus lapatinib or Cap/Ox plus placebo	LOGiC, First line	III	545	6.0 vs 5.4	0.100	12.2 vs 10.5	0.350	No effect on PFS and OS
EGFR	Cisplatin and capecitabine + cetuximab vs cisplatin and capecitabine	EXPAND, First line	III	904	4.4 vs 5.6	0.320	9·4 vs 10.7	0.950	No effect on PFS and OS
EGFR	mEOC plus panitumumab vs EOC	REAL, First line	III	553	6.0 vs 7.4	0.068	8·8 vs 11.3	0.013	No effect on PFS and OS
VEGF	Bevacizumab plus cisp/cape/fluorouracil vs plc plus cisplatin/capecitabine/fluorouracil	AVAGAST, First line	III	774	6.7 vs 5.3	0.003	12.1 vs 10.1	0.100	PFS was improved, No effect on OS
VEGF	Ramucirumab vs placebo	REGARD, Second line	III	355	2.1 vs 1.3	< 0.001	5.2 vs 3.8	0.047	PFS and OS was improved
VEGF	Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel vs placebo plus paclitaxel	RAINBOW, Second line	III	665	4.4 vs 2.9	< 0.001	9.6 vs 7·4	0.017	PFS and OS was improved
VEGF	Apatinib 850 mg vs apatinib 425 vs placebo	NN, Third line	II	144	3.67 vs 3.20 vs 1.40	< 0.001	4.83 vs 4.27 vs 2.50	< 0.001	PFS and OS was improved
MET	Rilotumumab 15 mg/kg per rilotumumab 7.5 mg/kg, or placebo plus ECX	NN, First line	II	121	5.1 vs 6.8 vs 4.2	0.016	9.7 vs 11.1 vs 8.9	0.100	PFS and OS was improved
m-TOR	Everolimus 10 mg vs placebo	GRANITE, ≥ Second line	III	656	1.7 vs 1.4	0.780	5.4 vs 4.3	0.124	No effect on PFS and OS

Plc: Placebo; mEOC: Modified epirubicin, oxaliplatin and capecitabine; DCF: Docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil; ECF/ECX: Epirubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil/capecitabine; EGFR: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; ECX: Epirubicin, cisplatin, capecitabine; NN: No specific study name was defined; OS: Overal survival; PFS: Progression free survival.