Multicenter study of endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage for malignant distal biliary obstruction

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate competing risks regression analyses to identify risk factors for dysfunction of plastic stent or nasobiliary catheter in 419 patients who underwent endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	SHR (95%CI)	P value	SHR (95%CI)	P value
Sex, male	0.96 (0.64-1.44)	0.839
Age > 70 yr	1.06 (0.72-1.56)	0.773
Performance status ≥ 1	0.67 (0.39-1.14)	0.139	0.70 (0.39-1.24)	0.221
Primary cancer
Biliary tract	Reference		Reference
Pancreas	1.61 (1.06-2.44)	0.025	1.30 (0.84-2.03)	0.240
Ampullary	0.89 (0.43-1.84)	0.758	0.81 (0.40-1.65)	0.568
Primary tumor size > 20 mm	0.90 (0.61-1.33)	0.603
Length of biliary stricture > 20 mm	1.04 (0.71-1.53)	0.854
Diameter of proximal bile duct > 15 mm	0.94 (0.64-1.38)	0.755
Tumor invasion into duodenum	1.10 (0.75-1.63)	0.621
Cholangitis on admission	0.77 (0.44-1.37)	0.378
Total bilirubin ≥ 8 mg/dL	1.16 (0.79-1.71)	0.447
Placement of PS	4.76 (2.63-8.33)	< 0.001	4.76 (2.44-10.0)	< 0.001
Diameter of biliary stent/catheter
5-6 Fr	Reference		Reference
7-7.5 Fr	1.92 (1.07-3.43)	0.029	0.95 (0.50-1.83)	0.885
8.5-10 Fr	2.44 (1.28-4.66)	0.007	0.93 (0.44-1.99)	0.850
Pig-tailed tip	1.05 (0.71-1.57)	0.796

PS: Plastic stent; NBC: Nasobiliary catheter; SHR: Subdistribution hazard ratio.