Comparison of hepatic venous pressure gradient and endoscopic grading of esophageal varices

Figure 1 Inferior vena cava pressure, end-hole catheter method, balloon catheter method. Fluoroscopic images of pressure measurements. A: The infrarenal inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure is assessed at the level of the renal vein; B: Measurement of wedged hepatic venous pressure with the end-hole catheter; C: Measurement of wedged hepatic venous pressure with the balloon catheter. In the measurement of the wedged hepatic venous pressure, adequate hepatic vein occlusion is confirmed by dye injection in both methods.