Characteristics of and risk factors for colorectal neoplasms in young adults in a screening population

Table 4 Risk factors for colorectal adenoma in young subjects n (%)

Variable	Number of persons		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis1
	Non-adenoma	Adenoma	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
	(n = 1523)	(n = 253)
Males	1060 (69.6)	211 (83.4)	2.19 (1.55-3.11)	< 0.001	1.43 (0.89-2.28)	0.136
Age (yr)
45-49	386 (25.3)	105 (41.5)	1	< 0.001	1
40-44	504 (33.1)	87 (34.4)	0.64 (0.46-0.87)		0.64 (0.46-0.88)	0.006
< 40	633 (41.6)	61 (24.1)	0.35 (0.25-0.50)		0.39 (0.28-0.56)	< 0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
mean ± SD	23.5 ± 3.2	24.4 ± 3.1
18.5-24.9	993 (65.2)	144 (56.9)	1	0.002	1
25.0-29.9	402 (26.4)	94 (37.2)	1.66 (1.25-2.20)		0.90 (0.61-1.33)	0.599
≥ 30	55 (3.6)	9 (3.6)	1.16 (0.56-2.40)		0.55 (0.24-1.27)	0.161
Waist circumference (cm)
mean ± SD	82.1 ± 9.7	85.2 ± 9.3
Male < 90, female < 80	1161 (76.2)	164 (64.8)		< 0.001	1
Male ≥ 90, female ≥ 80	362 (23.8)	89 (35.2)	1.74 (1.31-2.31)		1.72 (1.15-2.55)	0.008
Diabetes mellitus	55 (3.6)	16 (6.3)	1.80 (1.02-3.20)	0.041	1.29 (0.71-2.35)	0.403
Hypertension	309 (20.3)	81 (32.0)	1.85 (1.38-2.48)	< 0.001	1.36 (0.92-2.02)	0.127
Metabolic syndrome	154 (10.1)	38 (15.0)	1.57 (1.07-2.30)	0.020	0.88 (0.53-1.46)	0.612
hsCRP (mg/dL)	128 (8.4)	22 (8.7)
< 0.10	1004 (65.9)	156 (61.7)	1	0.187
≥ 0.10	519 (34.1)	97 (38.3)	1.20 (0.91-1.58)
Triglyceride (mg/dL)
mean ± SD	119.2 ± 86.4	146.2 ± 101.3
< 150	1168 (76.7)	165 (65.2)	1	< 0.001	1
≥ 150	355 (23.3)	88 (34.8)	1.76 (1.32-2.33)		1.18 (0.85-1.63)	0.330
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
mean ± SD	58.0 ± 14.8	55.4 ± 15.4
Male < 40, female < 50	162 (10.6)	30 (11.9)	1	0.563
Male ≥ 40, female ≥ 50	1361 (89.4)	223 (88.1)	0.89 (0.59-1.34)
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
mean ± SD	135.1 ± 43.0	138.7 ± 36.8
≤ 100	244 (16.0)	38 (15.0)	1	0.106
101-129	493 (32.4)	67 (26.5)	0.87 (0.57-1.34)
≥ 130	786 (51.6)	148 (58.5)	1.21 (0.82-1.78)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
mean ± SD	205.8 ± 38.1	210.9 ± 39.6
< 200	715 (46.9)	100 (39.5)	1	0.028	1
≥ 200	808 (53.1)	153 (60.5)	1.35 (1.03-1.78)		1.08 (0.81-1.44)	0.595
Current alcohol	637 (41.8)	133 (52.6)	1.54 (1.18-2.01)	0.001	1.04 (0.77-1.40)	0.806
Smoking status
Never	639 (42.0)	66 (26.1)	1	< 0001	1
Former	339 (22.3)	62 (24.5)	1.77 (1.22-2.57)		1.23 (0.79 -1.93)	0.359
Current	545 (35.8)	125 (49.4)	2.22 (1.61-3.06)		1.60 (1.07-2.41)	0.023

¹Adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, triglyceride, total cholesterol, alcohol, and smoking. hsCRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.