Nuclear magnetic resonance based metabolomics and liver diseases: Recent advances and future clinical applications

Figure 2 Schematic view of workflow for metabolomic studies: From bedside to bench. Proposed standards for metabolomic approach are presented in this schematic view. Clinical question, selection of the population, standardized biofluid collection and conservation, biofluid preparation and spectra acquisition, pre-processing to clean the data for data processing, pre-treatment (i.e., scaling, centering, etc.) to transform the clean data to make them ready for data processing, data analysis (multivariate analysis, unsupervised and supervised analysis), metabolite identification and interpretation.