Primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with dyspeptic symptoms in Beijing: A prospective serial study

Table 2 Multiple resistance patterns in the Helicobacter pylori isolates n (%)

Multiple resistance pattern	2009-2010(n = 371)	2013-2014(n = 950)
Double resistance
CLA + MTZ	36 (9.7)	79 (8.3)
MTZ + LEV	29 (7.8)	94 (9.9)
MTZ + RIF	15 (4.0)	14 (1.5)
CLA + LEV	13 (3.5)	40 (4.2)
AMX + MTZ	3 (0.8)	3 (0.3)
MTZ + TET	3 (0.8)	2 (0.2)
CLA + RIF	2 (0.5)	11 (1.2)
AMX + CLA	2 (0.5)	4 (0.4)
CLA + TET	1 (0.3)	5 (0.5)
AMX + RIF	1 (0.3)	2 (0.2)
LEV + RIF	0	8 (0.8)
LEV + TET	0	5 (0.5)
AMX + LEV	0	1 (0.1)
Triple resistance
CLA + MTZ + LEV	34 (9.2)	171 (18.0)
CLA + MTZ + RIF	7 (1.9)	16 (1.7)
AMX + CLA + MTZ	6 (1.6)	4 (0.4)
MTZ + LEV + RIF	4 (1.1)	18 (1.9)
CLA + MTZ + TET	4 (1.1)	1 (0.1)
CLA + LEV + RIF	2 (0.5)	11 (1.2)
AMX + MTZ + LEV	2 (0.5)	2 (0.2)
AMX + MTZ + RIF	1 (0.3)	0
AMX + CLA + LEV	1 (0.3)	0
CLA + LEV + TET	1 (0.3)	3 (0.3)
MTZ + LEV + TET	0	10 (1.1)
AMX + CLA + RIF	0	1 (0.1)
CLA + TET + RIF	0	1 (0.1)
MTZ + TET + RIF	0	1 (0.1)
Quadruple resistance
CLA + MTZ + LEV + RIF	12 (3.2)	38 (4.0)
AMX + CLA + MTZ + LEV	4 (1.1)	9 (0.9)
CLA + MTZ + LEV + TET	4 (1.1)	8 (0.8)
MTZ + LEV + TET + RIF	1 (0.3)	8 (0.8)
AMX + MTZ + LEV + TET	1 (0.3)	0
AMX + MTZ + LEV + RIF	1 (0.3)	0
AMX + CLA + MTZ + RIF	0	3 (0.3)
CLA + MTZ + TET + RIF	0	2 (0.2)
CLA + LEV + TET + RIF	0	1 (0.1)
Quintuple resistance
CLA + MTZ + LEV + TET + RIF	1 (0.3)	17 (1.8)
AMX + CLA + MTZ + LEV + RIF	0	3 (0.3)
AMX + CLA + MTZ + LEV + TET	0	2 (0.2)
Sextuple resistance	1 (0.3)	1 (0.1)

AMX: Amoxicillin; CLA: Clarithromycin; LEV: Levofloxacin; MTZ: Metronidazole; RIF: Rifampicin; TET: Tetracycline.