Stratifying the risk of lymph node metastasis in undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer

Table 2 Univariate analysis of risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer

Factor	Patients (LNM)n (%)	Lymph node metastasis		P value
		Positiven = 44	Negativen = 523
Age				0.118
≤ 60 yr	296 (6.1)	18	278
> 60 yr	271 (9.6)	26	245
Gender				0.573
Male	312 (8.3)	26	286
Female	255 (7.1)	18	237
Location				0.050
Upper	72 (8.3)	6	66
Middle	347 (5.8)	20	327
Lower	148 (12.2)	18	130
Size				< 0.001
≤ 2 cm	268 (2.2)	6	262
> 2 cm	299 (12.7)	38	261
Form				0.002
Protrusion	39 (20.5)	8	31
Flat or depression	528 (6.8)	36	492
Ulceration				0.306
Absent	435 (7.1)	31	404
Present	132 (9.9)	13	119
Depth				< 0.001
Mucosal (m)	310 (2.9)	9	301
Submucosal (sm)	257 (13.6)	35	222
Histology				0.592
Sig	315 (6.7)	21	294
Por	246 (9.3)	23	223
Muc	6 (0)	0	6
Mixed type				0.003
No	466 (6.2)	29	437
Yes	101 (14.9)	15	86
Lymphatic involvement				< 0.001
Negative	432 (1.4)	6	426
Positive	135 (28.1)	38	97
Venous involvement				< 0.001
Negative	520 (6.5)	34	486
Positive	47 (21.3)	10	37

Values in parentheses are percentages of patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM). Sig: Signet ring cell carcinoma; Por: Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma; Muc: Mucinous adenocarcinoma.