Anal cancer treatment: Current status and future perspectives

Table 3 Recent case reports and case series evaluating treatment in metastatic anal cancer

Study	n	Characteristics of patients	Regimen	Response	Survival
Jhawer et al[71], 2006	20Phase II		MMC, adriamycin, cisplatin followed by bleomycin-CCNU upon progression of disease	60% PR0% CR	15 mo
Golub et al[67], 2011	3P1P2P3	Previously treated with 5-FU and cisplatin	Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 on D1Ifosfamide 1 g/m2 D1 to D4Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on D1Every 3 wk	CR in 3 patientsResponse duration6 mo2.5 yr4 mo	Survival since recurrence14 mo30 mo17 mo (patient still alive)
Abbas et al[69], 2011	7	Prior progression on cisplatin and 5-FU	Weekly paclitaxel	1 CR, 3PR,1 SD	12-14 mo1
Kim et al[70], 2013	8	Advanced recurrent	Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 day 1, CDDP 75 mg/m2 day 1 and 5-FU at 750 mg/m(2)/day for 5 d every 3 wk	CR: 50%	OS 62.5% at 12 mo
Khawandanah et al[68], 2014	1	Skin and perianal metastasis	(1) Paclitaxel, ifosfamide, cisplatin (4 cycles) followed by(2) Mitomycin, cetuximab (2 cycles)	(1) Minimal residual disease(2) Mixed response	(1) Progression 5 mo after the end of therapy(2) OS 24 mo; 16 mo after paclitaxel was started
Barmettler et al[45], 2012	1	Liver metastasis, KRAS wild type and EGFR 2 +	FOLFIRI + cetuximab	Partial response after 6 cycles	21 mo
Bamba et al[46], 2012	1	Lung metastasis	3 FOLFOX→3 courses of FOLFOX + panitumumab→5 courses of FOLFIRI + panitumumab	Marked reduction of primary tumor, disappearance of lung metastasis.	The patient underwent low anterior resection.No recurrence after 5 mo
Lukan et al[47], 2009Case report	7	First or subsequent treatment line	Cetuximab alone or with irinotecan first or subsequent line. KRAS mutated in 2/7	PR 3MR 1PD 2 (Mutated kras)SD 1	NA
Nitori et al[72], 2011	1	58-yr-old female	Oral S-1 (120 mg/body; day 1-21) + low dose cisplatin (10 mg/body; day 1-5, 8-12) + RT for 2 cycles then rest for 4 wk	CR of the primary lesion and PR for the metastatic lesions	16 mo

¹Duration of clinical benefit in SD and PR after the initiation of Paclitaxel: 4-6 mo. PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; MR: Minor response; SD: Stable disease; NA: Not availiable.