High-mobility group box 1 protein and its role in severe acute pancreatitis

Figure 2 Strategies targeting high mobility group box 1 in severe acute pancreatitis. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can be induced by gallstone, hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), alcohol and other causes. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can be activated in the condition of pancreatitis by inflammation reactions. In turn, HMGB1 can further deteriorate pancreatitis through toll like receptors (TLR) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Anti-HMGB1 treatment is beneficial in SAP as described in the text by using anti-HMGB1 antibodies, HMGB1 antagonist A box, and some specific HMGB1 inhibitors such as s ethyl pyruvate (EP), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (SSM).