Fatty liver disease: Disparate predictive ability for cardiometabolic risk and all-cause mortality

Table 3 Adjusted Cox regression analyses of fatty liver disease for prediction of type-2 diabetes and incident coronary heart disease, by gender (and diabetic status)

	Total		Men		Women
	HR	95%CI	HR	95%CI	HR	95%CI
Diabetes n =	203/14901		110/7071		93/7831
Gender, female	0.82	0.56; 1.20
Age, 11 yr2	1.14	0.97; 1.34	1.13	0.90; 1.41	1.14	0.90; 1.46
Current smoking, n = 480	1.38	0.94; 2.00	1.35	0.84; 2.16	1.39	0.74; 2.69
Former smoking, n = 183	1.32	0.83; 2.08	1.22	0.72; 2.06	1.98	0.72; 5.48
HDL-cholesterol, 12 mg/dL	0.91	0.78; 1.06	0.96	0.77; 1.21	0.89	0.71; 1.10
Systolic BP, 25 mmHg	1.16	1.00; 1.38	1.28	1.03; 1.60	1.08	0.88; 1.35
Uric acid, 1.3 mg/dL	0.87	0.76; 0.996	0.81	0.67; 0.97	0.94	0.76; 1.15
Probable FLD, n = 423	1.44	0.80; 2.57	1.57	0.72; 3.43	1.28	0.52; 3.12
FLD, n = 673	4.93	2.98; 8.14	4.80	2.40; 9.59	5.33	2.53; 11.2
DM incid. per 1000 person-yr	16.6		18.8		14.5
CHD: Diabetic sample n =	88/4091		45/1921		43/2171
Gender, female	0.95	0.55; 1.63
Age, 11 years	1.18	0.94; 1.49	1.27	0.90; 1.80	1.10	0.79; 1.56
Current smoking	1.12	0.64; 1.95	1.46	0.68; 3.15	0.66	0.25; 1.75
Former smoking	1.13	0.56; 2.31	1.36	0.59; 3.13	1.12	0.15; 8.52
Alcohol usage, yes/no	0.50	0.12; 2.10	0.58	0.14; 2.45		No user
HDL-cholesterol, 12 mg/dL	0.78	0.61; 1.00	0.90	0.62; 1.28	0.69	0.48; 0.99
Systolic BP, 25 mmHg	0.95	0.72; 1.28	0.98	0.60; 1.60	0.93	0.65; 1.31
Uric acid, 1.3 mg/dL	0.98	0.79: 1.23	0.73	0.54: 0.999	1.35	0.99: 1.84
Probable FLD	1.45	0.66; 3.18	1.68	0.56; 5.05	1.32	0.42; 4.11
FLD	3.59	1.78; 7.23	4.61	1.72; 12.4	3.12	1.17; 8.35
CHD inciden. per 1000 person-yr	25.3		27.4		23.4
CHD: Whole sample n =	237/15051		104/716		133/7891
Gender, female	1.34	0.96; 1.86
Age, 11 yr	1.48	1.27; 1.71	1.54	1.26; 2.00	1.43	1.17; 1.73
Current smoking	1.50	1.06; 2.13	1.80	1.12; 2.90	1.13	0.64; 1.98
Former smoking	1.02	0.64; 1.63	0.92	0.51; 1.64	1.82	0.79; 4.17
Alcohol usage, yes/no	0.80	0.37; 1.74	0.79	0.36; 1.75		Too few
HDL-cholesterol, 12 mg/dL	0.90	0.78; 1.02	1.04	0.84; 1.28	0.81	0.69; 0.98
Systolic BP, 25 mmHg	1.25	1.08; 1.42	1.31	1.12; 1.27	1.25	1.05; 1.45
Presence of diabetes	1.44	0.98; 2.13	1.81	1.04; 3.17	1.13	0.65; 1.95
Probable FLD	1.26	0.83; 1.92	1.79	0.92; 3.47	0.99	0.57; 1.73
FLD	1.72	1.17; 2.53	2.35	1.25; 4.43	1.42	0.86; 2.35
CHD incid. per 1000 person-yr	18.9		17.5		19.7

¹Number of cases/number at risk;

²Referent was no FLD (n = 393 in the model for CHD). Mean age at baseline was 52.1 yr. Prevalent diabetes/coronary diseases were excluded. HDL: High-density lipoprotein; FLD: Fatty liver disease; CHD: Coronary heart disease; BP: Blood pressure.