Fatty liver disease: Disparate predictive ability for cardiometabolic risk and all-cause mortality

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study sample, by gender and fatty liver disease categories (n = 1822)

	n	Men (n = 877)				Women (n = 945)
		No NAFLD	Probable NAFLD	NAFLD	ANOVAP value	No NAFLD	Probable NAFLD	NAFLD	ANOVA P value
		mean ± SD	mean ± SD	mean ± SD		mean ± SD	mean ± SD	mean ± SD
		n = 198	n = 263	n = 416		n = 252	n = 241	n = 452
Age, yr	1822	52.8 ± 12.7	53.4 ± 12	51.7 ± 9.3	0.16	47.5 ± 10.3	51.92± 10.5	54.8 ± 9.9	< 0.001
Waist circumference, cm	1811	83.3 ± 8.1	92.42± 7.4	100.6 ± 9	< 0.001	79 ± 9	892± 7.5	99.4 ± 9.7	< 0.001
Body mass index, kg/m2	1808	24.1 ± 3.3	27.22± 2.7	30.9 ± 4	< 0.001	26.2 ± 4.4	30.22± 3.8	34.5 ± 5.5	< 0.001
Systolic BP, mmHg	1822	120 ± 18	1262± 21	132.5 ± 23	< 0.001	121 ± 19	1322± 24	142 ± 27	< 0.001
Diastolic BP, mmHg	1822	75 ± 11	802± 11	85.6 ± 13.5	< 0.001	77 ± 12	832± 13	88 ± 14	< 0.001
Total cholesterd, mg/dL	1822	168 ± 34	1782± 34	192 ± 39	< 0.001	174 ± 34	1902± 37	201 ± 41	< 0.001
LDL cholesterd, mg/dL	1424	108 ± 32	112 ± 29	1162± 33	0.037	1052± 28	120 ± 33	126 ± 36	< 0.001
HDL cholesterd mg/dL	1820	422± 12	37 ± 11	35.3 ± 11	< 0.001	47.7 ± 13	46 ± 13	432± 12	< 0.001
Lipoprotein(a)1, mg/dL	1186	8.3 × 2.74	7.76 × 2.77	9.12 × 3.14	0.34	11.8 × 2.76	12.7 × 3.13	10.47 × 2.9	0.11
Fasted glucose, mg/dL	1822	99 ± 27	100 ± 30	104 ± 37	0.099	97 ± 19	100 ± 31	1052± 35	0.001
F. triglyceride1, mg/dL	1413	95 × 1.48	1262× 1.55	174 × 1.72	< 0.001	87 × 1.47	1102× 1.53	148 × 1.69	< 0.001
γ-glutamyl transferase1, U/L	1822	17 × 1.48	21.92× 1.59	37.2 × 1.87	< 0.001	12.9 × 1.62	15.82× 1.65	24.5 × 1.87	< 0.001
Fasted insulin, mIU/L	1636	6.94 × 2.36	8.00 × 2.00	11.02× 2.02	< 0.001	6.98 × 1.87	8.752× 1.97	11.0 × 1.87	< 0.001
Apolipoprotein A-I, g/L	1740	1.40 ± 0.24	1.35 ± 0.24	1.3462± 0.24	0.042	1.55 ± 0.30	1.51 ± 0.26	1.50 ± 0.28	0.082
Apolipoprotein B, g/L	1759	0.942± 0.26	1.05 ± 0.19	1.09 ± 0.29	< 0.001	1.03 ± 0.27	1.04 ± 0.28	1.132± 0.31	< 0.001
Creatinine, mg/dL	1504	0.937± 0.17	0.976 ± 0.26	1.01 ± 0.37	0.023	0.80 ± 0.42	0.80 ± 0.44	0.805 ± 0.20	0.98
SHBG1, nmol/L	1304	43.8 × 1.7	39 × 1.6	33.42× 1.63	< 0.001	55.4 × 1.7	46.22× 1.7	48.2 × 1.73	< 0.001
Testosterone1, nmol/L	1412	19.2 × 4.2	15.8 × 3.3	15.1 × 3.3	0.16	0.79 × 3.66	0.70 × 3.1	0.79 × 3.8	0.50
Uric acid, mg/dL	1821	5.51 ± 1.3	5.82 ± 1.3	6.362± 1.6	< 0.001	4.23 ± 1.2	4.62± 1.1	5.15 ± 1.4	< 0.001
C-reactive protein1, mg/L	1788	1.642× 3.13	1.93 × 3.0	2.39 × 2.75	< 0.001	1.41 × 3.15	2.532× 2.8	3.75 × 2.65	< 0.001
Current; past smokers, %	1817	59.42; 18.8	47.5; 23.4	46.1; 25.4	0.037	27.42 ; 3.2	14.1; 3.3	10.2; 4.4	< 0.001
CHD prevalence, n (%)	1820	5 (2.5)	11 (4.2)	31 (7.52)	0.02	6 (2.4)	11 (4.6)	29 (6.4)	0.056

¹Log-transformed values, SD range is obtained by dividing or multiplying with the given SD;

²Denote significant difference, from the remaining two groups, those in italics borderline significant difference. NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; CHD: Coronary heart disease; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; BP: Blood pressure; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; SHBG: Sex hormone-binding globulin.