Clinical impact of atypical endoscopic features in rectal neuroendocrine tumors

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical factors associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors n (%)

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	Metastasis (-)	Metastasis (+)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Gender			0.183	-	-
Male	144 (92.3)	12 (7.7)
Female	88 (96.7)	3 (3.3)
Age (yr)			1.000	-	-
≤ 50	113 (94.2)	7 (5.8)
> 50	119 (93.7)	8 (6.3)
Size (mm)			< 0.001	11.53 (2.51-52.93)	0.002
< 10	219 (98.6)	3 (1.4)
≥ 10, < 20	13 (59.1)	9 (40.9)
≥ 20	0 (0)	3 (100)
Tumor shape			< 0.001	-	-
Sessile	205 (97.6)	5 (2.4)
Semipedunculated	27 (77.1)	8 (22.9)
Ulcerofungating	0 (0)	2 (100)
Surface change			< 0.001	27.44 (5.96-126.34)	< 0.001
Smooth	222 (97.8)	5 (2.2)
Depressed/eroded	10 (55.6)	8 (44.4)
Ulcerated	0 (0)	2 (100)
Color			< 0.001	-	-
Normal or yellow	210 (96.8)	7 (3.2)
Hyperemia	22 (73.3)	8 (26.7)
Atypical features, any			< 0.001	4.38 (0.92-20.80)	0.064
Typical features	189 (98.4)	3 (1.6)
Atypical features	43 (78.2)	12 (21.8)