Th17 plasticity and its changes associated with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 MicroRNAs influencing 17 secreting helper T development and plasticity

MicroRNA	Inducer	Target	Effect	Ref.
miR10	TGF-β	Bcl-6	Limit Th17, convert Th cells into Treg	[78,83]
miR17-92 cluster		Creb1, TGF-βRII, KZF4 (miR17), PTEN (miR19)	Accumulation of antigen-specific iTreg development, IL-10 production, and possibly Treg cell migration	[78,83]
miR29	NOD2	IL-12p40, IL-23p19	Inhibit IL-23R signalling	[80]
miR126		PIK3R2	Treg-mediated Immunosuppression	[83]
miR132/212 cluster	TCDD, FICZ	Bcl-6	Enhance Th17 development via AhR pathway	[82,83]
miR146a	TLR2-5	STAT1	Block Th1 development	[78,79]
miR155	TLR2-4, TLR9	SOCS1	Unleash STAT1, 4, and 5 signals, and promote Th1, Th2, and Treg	[78,79]
miR210		HIF-1 (counter regulator)	Control Foxp3 expression	[81,83]
miR301		PIAS3	Unleash STAT3 signal, and generate Th17	[78]
miR326		EST-1	Critical for Th17 development	[78]

TGF: Transforming growth factor; Th17: 17 secreting helper T; FICZ: 6-formylindolo [3,2-b] carbazole; TLR: Toll-like receptor; TCDD: Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; FICZ: Formylindolo [3,2-b] carbazole.