Nomograms for colorectal cancer: A systematic review

Table 4 Other nomograms relevant to colorectal cancer

Ref.	Year	Targeted patients	Treatment	Predicted outcome	Number of patients	C-index	Validation	Calibration	Variables	Comments
Jwa et al[37]	2014	Non-metastatic rectal cancer	CRT + surgery	ypN status	891	0.77-0.81	Present	Present	ypT, cN, histology, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, age
van Stiphout et al[38]	2011	Rectal cancer	CRT + surgery	Pathologic complete response	953	Not assessed	Present	Present	tumor length, RI, SUV	Pre- and post-CRT PET-CTs were used to predict response
van Stiphout et al[39]	2014	Rectal cancer	CRT + surgery	Pathologic complete response	190	0.70-0.78	Present	Absent	Maximal diameter at day 15, RI, cN	Pre- and intra-CRT PET-CTs were used to predict response
Omata et al[40]	2011	Asymptomatic individuals		Colorectal neoplasms	1085	Not assessed	Absent	Absent	Quantitative fecal immunochemical test, gender, age, BMI
Kawai et al[41]	2014	Colorectal cancer	Surgery	Postoperative development of metachronous colorectal neoplasms	309	0.71	Present	Present	Gender, age, No. of synchronous adenomas and colorectal cancers
Wells et al[42]	2014	Age > 45		Colorectal cancer development	180630	0.68	Absent	Present	Age, ethnicity, smoking, alcoholic drinks, BMI, education, aspirin, estrogen, family history of CRC, NSAIDs, multivitamins, red meat intake, diabetes, physical activity

CRT: Chemoradiotherapy; PET-CT: Positron emission tomography-computed tomography; RI: Response index; SUV: Standardized uptake value; CRC: Colorectal cancer; BMI: Body mass index; C-index: Concordance index; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.