Nanomedicine and drug delivery strategies for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Table 2 Antisense oligonucleotide therapies

Target gene	Delivery system	Administration	Ref.
ASO
TNF-α	No	Subcutaneous	[30]
CD40	No	Rectal	[33]
MAdCAM-1	No	Subcutaneous	[34]
STAT3	No	Rectal	[36]
NPY	No	Rectal	[38]
ASO with delivery system
TNF-α	gal-LMWC	Rectal	[39]
NF-κB	CS-PLGA	Oral	[40]
MIF	SPG	Intraperitoneal	[42]
CD40	nov038	Intravenous	[43]
TNF-α	cKGM	Oral	[44]

ASO: Antisense oligonucleotide; gal-LMWC: Galactosylated low-molecular-weight chitosan; CS-PLGA: Chitosan-modified poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide); SPG: Schizophyllan; nov038: Amphoteric liposome; cKGM: Cationic konjac glucomannan phytagel.