How to establish endoscopic submucosal dissection in Western countries

Table 3 Organ-specific outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection (curative intention) for Western prospective studies

Ref.	Malignant neo-plasia type6, n	ESD, n	Resection en-bloc, %	Resection curative6, %	Complications, %	Surgery, %	Mortal., %	Recurrence, %	Follow-up (med.) yr	DFS, %/yr
Gastric ESD
Cardoso et al[46], 2008	GC 15	15	80	74	20	8	0	8	1	91/1
Catalano et al[47], 2009	GC 12	12	92	92	16	8	0	8	2.5	92/2
Probst et al[49], 2010	GC 66	91	87	72	10.6	11	0	5.6	2.3	96.7/2
Schumacher et al[50], 2012	GC 21	28	90	64	20	7	3.4	11	2	100/2
Pimentel-Nunes et al[51], 2014	GC 128	136	94	82	13	7	0	7	3.2	100/3
median [range]			90 [80-94]	73 [64-92]	15 [11-20]	8 [7-11]	0 [3.4]	8 [5-11]	2.3 [1-3]	97 [91-100]/2
Esophageal ESD
Repici et al[52], 2010	SCC 20	20	100	90	15	10	0	0	1.5	100/1.5
Neuhaus et al[53], 2012	AC 26	29	90	39	17	0	0	4	1.5	96/1.5
Arantes et al[54], 2012	AC 25	25	92	80	12	4	0	8	1.5	96/1.5
Höbel et al[56], 2014	AC 22	22	96	77	27	23	0	6	1.6	94/1.6
Chevaux et al[55], 2015	AC and HG 66	73	90	64	7 (+603)	10	0 (31)	(105)	1.8	92/2
Probst et al[57], 2015	AC 87	87	95	72 (844)	12.6	6	0 (21)	5	2.0	98/2
Probst et al[57], 2015	SCC 24	24	100	46 (724)	12.6	0	0 (41)	4	3.2	96/3
median [range]			95 [90-100]	72 [39-90]	16 [12-66]	6 [0-23]	0 [0-4]	4 [0-8]	1.6 [1.5-3.2]	96 [94-100]/2
Colorectal ESD
Probst et al[59], 2012	Rectosigm. LST	76	82	-	9.2	15	0	n.g.	2.0	100/2
	14 CRC		86	7		(792)		0
Iacopini et al[58], 2012	Colorectal LST	60	68	-	10	20	0	n.g.	n.g.	n.g.
	29 CRC			72	n.g.	(282)
Repici et al[60], 2013	Rectal LST	40	90	-	7.5	5	0	2.5	0.5	100/0.5
	8 RC			75	n.g.	(252)
Thorlacius et al[61], 2013	Colorectal LST	29	72	76	10	10	0	n.g.	< 0.5	n.g.
	10 HG and CRC			80		(202)
Berr et al[38], 2014	Colorectal LST	39	76	-	17	3	0	LG 9	1.5	100/1.5
	12 HG		83	83		(02)		HG 0		100/1.5
median [range]			83 [72-90]	75 [7-83]	10 [7.5-17]	10 [3-20]	0	8 [2.5-9]	1.5 [0.5-2]	100/1.5

¹Rate (%) due to cancer progression;

²Surgery (%) for malignant lesion after ESD;

³Plus stenoses (%);

⁴Rate (%) of R0 resection;

⁵Metachronous HGIN or cancer;

⁶Curative resection does only apply for malignant neoplasias (cancer -/+ HGIN). AC: Adenocarcinoma; CRC: Colorectal carcinoma; GC: Gastric cancer; HG/LG: High/low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; RC: Rectal carcinoma; SCC: Squamous cell cancer; DFS: Disease-free survival rate; n.g.: Not given; pmEMR: Piecemeal EMR.