Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer

Table 3 MicroRNAs up-regulated or down-regulated in gastric cancer

ncRNA	Summary of findings/clinical relevance	q-PCR	Targets	Roles	Cases	Location	Ref.
miR-183 ↑	A potential biomarker for GC progression and therapeutic target	√	PDCD4	Proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis	80 GC vs 20 non-tumorous gastric mucosa tissues	China	[131]
miR-183 ↓	A tumor suppressor partially through regulation of Ezrin; A potential therapeutic target	√	Ezrin	Invasion	52 pairs of paraffin-embedded GC and adjacent tissues; 5 fresh tissues samples from three patients	China	[281]
miR-146a ↑	A key factor in the regulation of NF-κB activity	√	CARD10, COPS8	Inhibits NF-κB activation	37 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	Denmark	[282]
miR-146a/b ↓	MiR-146a/b/UHRF1 axis associates with the GC metastasis; A potential therapeutic target in blocking GC metastasis	√	UHRF1	Invasion and metastasis	15 primary GC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues	China	[180]
miR-146a ↓	MiR-146a/WASF2 axis may associate with the migration and invasion of GC cells; A potential therapeutic target	√	WASF2	Invasion and metastasis	20 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	China	[283]
miR-146a ↓	Targeting EGFR and IRAK1; A potential prognostic factor	√	EGFR, IRAK1	Invasion and metastasis	90 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	Japan	[179]
miR-9 ↑	Targeting and suppressing CDX2 expression promote GC cell proliferation	√	CDX2	Proliferation	27 GC tissues	Japan	[284]
miR-9 ↓	Ectopic expression of miR-9 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells	√	MMP2, MMP9, Twist, N-cadherin	Invasion and metastasis	72 GC vs adjacent tissues	Taiwan	[285]
miR-9 ↓	A tumor suppressor targeting NF-κB1	√	NF-κB1	Proliferation	9 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	China	[286]
miR-375 ↑	A predictor of GC; progression and recurrence risk for GC patients	√	P53, MAPK, Wnt, VEGF	High frequency recurrence and poor survival	34 frozen fresh tissues and 38 paraffin-embedded tissues	China	[256]
miR-375 ↓	A tumor suppressor; Playing a role in gastric tumorigenesis	√	JAK2	Proliferation	48 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	China	[287]
miR-375 ↓	A tumor suppressor	√	PDK1, 14-3-3zeta	Apoptosis, proliferation	22 samples from GC and 5 normal control tissues	Japan	[288]
miR-218-5p ↑	MiR-218-5p targets and suppresses TFF1 and influences the progression of GC in an Erk1/2-dependent manner; A potential therapeutic target	√	TFF1	Proliferation	42 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	China	[289]
miR-218 ↓	Disruption of Slit-miR-218-Robo1 regulatory circuit may contribute to GC metastasis. A potential therapeutic target in blocking GC metastasis	√	Robo1	Invasion and metastasis	40 GC vs paired adjacent tissues	China	[290]

GC: Gastric cancer.