Data analyses and perspectives on laparoscopic surgery for esophageal achalasia

Table 5 Surgical outcomes of reoperation for patients with achalasia

Author	Year	Samples	Approach (primary)	Approach (re-do)	Mucosal injury	Re-revision	Satisfaction
Iqbal et al[71]	2006	15	10: Laparoscopy	15: Laparoscopy	30%	20%	40%-89%
			3: Thoracoscopy	(2: Conversion to laparotomy)
			1: Laparotomy
			1: Thoracotomy
Rakita et al[73]	2007	12		11: Laparoscopy	NA	25%	82%
				1: Thoracoscopy
Grotenhuis et al[74]	2007	19	13: Abdominal	13: Abdominal	15.8%	10.5%	50%
			6: Thoracic	6: Thoracic
Loviscek et al[75]	2013	43	20: Abdominal	26: Laparoscopy	4.7%	9.3%	79%
			23: Thoracic
Omura et al[76]	2012	10	7: Laparoscopy	5: Laparoscopy	30%	NA	90%
			3: Thoracoscopy	2: Thoracoscopy
				1: Laparotomy
				1: Laparotomy + thoracotomy

NA: Not available.