Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in Iran

Table 3 Prevalence of hepatitis C virus among injecting drug users in Iran

Author	Year of study	City or province	location	No. of participants	No. of positive samples	Prevalence	Test	Ref.
Mohtasham Amiri	2003	Gilan	North	81	72	88.9%	ELISA	[72]
Rahimi-Movaghar	2006-2007	Tehran	North-Center	895	309	34.5%	ELISA	[73]
Hosseini	2006	Tehran	North-Center	417	334	80.0%	ELISA	[74]
Zali	1995	Tehran	North-Center	402 (Male imprisoned IDUs)	182	45.3%	ELISA, RIBA	[75]
Zamani	2004	Tehran	North-Center	202	105	52.0%	Particle Agglutination (PA) assay	[76]
Hajinasrollah	2005	Tehran	North-Center	65	11	17.0%	ELISA	[77]
Amin-Esmaeili	2006-2007	Tehran	North-Center	895	309	34.5%	ELISA	[78]
Nokhodian	2008-2009	Isfahan	Center	531	250	47.1%	ELISA	[79]
Zamani	2008	Isfahan	Center	117	71	60.7%	EIA	[80]
Kassaian	2009	Isfahan	Center	943	392	41.6%	ELISA	[81]
Fadaei Nobari	2011	Isfahan	Center	1747	595	34.0%	ELISA	[82]
Sofian	2009	Arak, Markazi	West-Center	153 (Male IDUs)	91	59.5%	ELISA	[83]
Ramezani	2012	Arak	West-Center	100 (Male IDUs)	56	56.0%	ELISA	[84]
Honarvar	2012-2013	Shiraz	South	569 (High risk groups)	109	19.1%	ELISA and immunoblot	[70]
				233 (IDUs)	94	40.3%
				336 (non-IDUs)	15	4.4%
Davoodian	2002	Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan	South	249	163	64.8%	ELISA	[85]
Sarkari	2009-2010	Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad	South-West	158	67	42.4%	ELISA	[86]
Imani	2004	Shahr-e Kord	Sout-West	133	15	11.3%	ELISA	[87]
Alavi	2002-2006	Ahvaz	South-West	333	103	30.9%	ND	[88]
Mohammad Alizadeh	2002	Hamadan	West	149 (IDUs Prisoners)	47	31.5%	ELISA, immunoblot	[89]
Keramat	2005-2007	Hamadan	West	379 (High risk groups)	135	35.6%	ELISA, immunoblot	[90]
				199 (IDUs)	126	63.3%

IDUs: Injecting drug users; ND: Not defined; ELISA: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; RIBA: Recombinant immunoblot assay.