Rectal cancer and Fournier’s gangrene - current knowledge and therapeutic options

Table 2 Anorectal causes of Fournier’s gangrene

Ref.	Abscess	Hemorrhoidectomy	Hemorrhoids	Intestinal obstruction	Perianal fistula	RT for rectal carcinoma	Rectal carcinoma	Artificial sphincter	Anal fissure	Rectal injury
Benjelloun el et al[12], 2013	88.50%		11.50%
Bhatnagar et al[13], 2008		75.00%		25.00%
Cakmak et al[14], 2008	43.90%	43.90%			12.20%
Czymek et al[16], 2009	68.42%				3.00%	15.79%	3.00%	3.00%
Eskitaşcıoğlu et al[18], 2014	56.25%				12.50%		12.50%		18.75%
Fajdic et al[19], 2007	33.30%		33.30%		33.30%
Ghnnam et al[20], 2008	90.00%	10.00%
Rodríguez Hermosa et al[21], 2001	75.00%									25.00%
Kahramanca et al[23], 2014	66.66%						6.66%			26.66%
Kara et al[24], 2009	60.00%									40.00%
Khan[26], 2009	75.00%	25.00%
Khandelwal[27], 2013	75.00%	25.00%
Korkut et al[28], 2003	92.30%				4.16%		4.16%
Liang et al[29], 2008	100.00%
Oymacı et al[31], 2014	100.00%
Ozkan et al[32], 2014	62.50%						25.00%			12.50%
Singh et al[33], 2004	100.00%
Tan et al[34], 2006	40.00%	40.00%					20.00%
Unalp et al[35], 2008	100.00%
Villanueva-Sáenz et al[36], 2002	88.00%				8.00%		4.00%
Walker et al[37], 1983							100.00%
Wang et al[38], 2012	91.00%						9.00%

RT: Radiotherapy.