Risk factors for complications associated with upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies

Table 6 Results of multivariate analysis following univariate analysis of risk factors for foreign body removal related with complications

	Yes (n = 51)	No (n = 143)	P value	OR	P value
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	61.18 ± 17.26	52.58 ± 17.82	0.003
> 60/ ≤ 60	27/24	57/86	0.106	1.84 (0.87-3.91)	0.112
Gender
Male/female	26/25	63/80	0.394	1.42 (0.71-2.86)	0.327
Foreign body
Location			0.381
Upper esophagus	27	84		1	0.213
Mid and lower esophagus	20	42		0.55 (0.25-1.24)	0.151
Stomach	4	17		1.61 (0.46-5.64)	0.460
Size (cm, mean ± SD)	2.22 ± 0.83	1.87 ± 0.85	0.012
> 3 cm / ≤ 3 cm	24/27	43/100	0.028	1.70 (0.82-3.54)	0.155
Sharpness (Yes/No)	36/15	74/69	0.02	2.48 (1.07- 5.72)	0.034
Radio-opacity (Yes/No)	20/31	55/88	0.924	0.98 (0.46-2.08)	0.955
Esophageal stricture (Yes/No)	3/48	24/119	0.053	0.27 (0.06-1.12)	0.071
Duration of impaction (min), mean ± SD, median (min-max)	2304 ± 4245, 390 (56-23000)	853 ± 1195, 270 (60-18720)	0.022, 0.094
> 12 h/ ≤ 12 h	22/29	35/108	0.012	2.42 (1.12-5.25)	0.025