Personalized targeted therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 National clinical trials on targeted therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma¹

Target	Agent	NCT number (phase)
EGFR	Erlotinib	NCT00045526 (II), NCT00030498 (I), NCT00397384 (I), NCT00524121 (II), NCT01013831 (I), NCT01561014 (I), NCT01752205 (III)
	Gefitinib	NCT00093652 (I/II), NCT00258297 (II), NCT00258323 (II), NCT00268346 (II), NCT00290719 (I)
	Icotinib	NCT01973725 (II)
	Lapatinib	NCT00239200 (II), NCT01666431 (II)
	Nimotuzumab	NCT02272699 (II/III), NCT01232374 (II), NCT01336049 (II), NCT01402180 (II/III), NCT01486992 (II), NCT01688700 (II), NCT01993784 (I/II), NCT02011594 (II), NCT02034968 (II), NCT02041819 (II)
	Panitumumab	NCT01077999 (II), NCT01262183 (II), NCT01627379 (III)
	PF00299804	NCT01608022 (II)
	Cetuximab	NCT02123381 (II), NCT00109850 (II), NCT00165490 (II), NCT00381706 (II), NCT00397384 (I), NCT00397904 (II), NCT00425425 (I/II), NCT00445861 (I/II), NCT00509561 (II/III), NCT00544362 (I/II), NCT00655876 (III), NCT00757549 (0), NCT00815308 (II), NCT01034189 (II), NCT01107639 (III)
IGF1R	Cixutumumab	NCT01142388 (II)
PI3K	BKM120	NCT01626209 (I), NCT01806649 (II)
	BYL719	NCT01822613 (I/II)
	Rigosertib	NCT01807546 (II)
HDAC	Entinostat	NCT00020579 (I)
	Vorinostat	NCT00537121 (I), NCT01249443 (I)
HER3	LJM716	NCT01598077 (I), NCT01822613 (I/II)
VEGFR	Vandetanib	NCT00732745 (I)
	Sorafenib	NCT00917462 (II)
VEGFA	Bevacizumab	NCT01212822 (II)
PD-L1	MEDI4736	NCT01938612 (I)
Bcl-2 mRNA	Oblimersen	NCT00003103 (I/II)
CDK9	Alvocidib	NCT00006245 (II)
CRM1	Selinexor	NCT02213133 (II)
FGFR	AZD4547	NCT01795768 (II)
KIF11	Litronesib	NCT01059643 (II)
TACSTD2	IMMU-132	NCT01631552 (I/II)

¹"Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma" was searched at the website (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov). Targeted therapy has been or is being tried in 62/204 studies. Some of these agents target multiple molecules, for example, lapatinib (EGFR and Erbb2), rigosertib (PI3K and PLK), vandetanib (VEGFR, EGFR, and RET), and sorafenib (VEGFR, PDGFR and RAF).