Grape seed proanthocyanidin protects liver against ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress

Figure 2 Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin on inflammatory factors after reperfusion. A-D: ELISA; and E-F: Reverse-transcription PCR were performed to evaluate release and expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α after ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and with grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) treatment; n = 8 each; ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01 vs IR.