Meta-analysis of subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy vs pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy

Table 2 Surgical reconstruction, definition of delayed gastric emptying and postoperative management

Ref.	Reconstruction	Definition of DGE	Indication for removing NGT	PPI	PA
Hayashibe et al[17]	Duct to mucosa and end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy, end-to-side antecolic gastrojejunostomy, and side-to-side jejunojejunostomy (Braun anastomosis)	(1) NGT ≥ POD 10	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
		(2) inability to tolerate a solid diet ≥ POD 14
Akizuki et al[27]	Duct-to-mucosa and end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy,end duodenal (or stomach)-to-side jejunal, Braun anastomosis was made	(1) NGT ≥ POD 10	The fluid of NGT < 500 mL per night, generally removed on POD 1	Yes	Yes
		(2) inability to tolerate a solid diet ≥ POD 14
Kurahara et al[28]	End-to-side pancreaticogastrostomy with an internal stent, end-to-side duodenojejunostomy (PPPD) or gastrojejunostomy (SSPPD)	ISGPS	The fluid of NGT < 500 mL per night	Yes	Yes
Oida et al[30]	Pancreaticogastrostomy and end to end duodenojejunostomy (PPPD)	ISGPS	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
	Pancreaticogastrostomy and end to end gastrojejunostomy (SSPPD)
Kawai et al[29]	Duct-to-mucosa, end-to-side pancreatojejunostomy with internal stent	ISGPS	All removed on POD 1	No	No
	Duodenojejunostomy (PPPD), gastrojejunostomy (SSPPD)
Fujii et al[31]	End-to-side pancreatojejunostomy and end-to-side antecolic gastrojejunostomy in SSPPD or a duodenojejunostomy in PPPD	ISGPS	Generally removed on POD 1, or on POD 2 if the fluid of NGT > 500 mL per night	Unknown	Unknown
Nanashima et al[33]	End-to-side with external stent pancreatojejunostomy	ISGPS	The fluid of the NGT < 300 mL per night	Yes	Unknown
Matsumoto et al[35]	End-to-side pancreatojejunostomy, end-to-side duodenojejunostomy (PPPD) and gastrojejunstomy (SSPPD)	ISGPS	The fluid of the NGT < 200 mL per night	Yes	Unknown

ISGPS: International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery; SSPPD: Subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy; PPPD: Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy; POD: Postoperative day; DGE: Delayed gastric emptying; NGT: Nasogastric tube; SSA: Somatostatin analogues; PPI: Proton pump inhibitors; PA: Prokinetic agents.