New targeted therapies in pancreatic cancer

Table 3 Studies with monoclonal antibodies that target the tumor stromal component

Ref.	Stromal component	Therapeutic target	Treatment
Strimpakos et al[106], 2013	Extracellular matrix	Hyaluronan	PEGPH20
Bramhall et al[36], 2002	Extracellular matrix	Metalloproteinase	Marimastat
Stephenson et al[107], 2011	Signaling pathways	Hedgehog	Vismodegib (GDC-0449)
Oettle et al[108], 2009	Signaling pathways	Transforming growth factor β receptor	Trabedersen
Yabuuchi et al[109], 2013	Signaling pathways	Notch	PF-03084014
Brahmer et al[106], 2012	Immune cells	Receiver for programmed cell death	BMS-936559
Le et al[111], 2013	Immune cells	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4	Ipilimumab
Beatty et al[112], 2013	Immune cells	CD40	CP-870893
Lutz et al[113], 2011	Immune cells	CB8	GVAX
Laheru et al[114], 2008	Immune cells	CB8	GVAX

GVAX: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccine.