Contemporary concepts of the medical therapy of portal hypertension under liver cirrhosis

Table 1 Drugs that can affect the portal hypertension, the effect of which was studied in the experiment

Ref.	Drugs	Experimental model	Effects
Zhao et al[69]	Diammonium glycyrrhizinate	CCl4/IPPRLs	Improves the bioavailability of NO in portal triads
Di Pascoli et al[70]	Resveratrol	CCl4	Improves vasodilatory response to acetylcholine, decreases TXA2 production, increases endothelial NO and reduces hepatic fibrosis
Yang et al[71]	Ursodeoxycholic acid	BDL	Suppresses hepatic TXA2 production and lipid peroxidation. An increase in antioxidative defence leading to the prevention of hepatic fibrosis
Rodríguez-Vilarrupla et al[72]	Fenofibrate	CCl4	Reduces hepatic fibrosis, improves vasodilatory response to acetylcholine, reduces COX-1 expression and TXB2 production, increases NO bioavailability in SEC
Hsieh et al[73]	Aliskiren	BDL	Ameliorates the angiotensin II induced intrahepatic vasoconstriction
Luo et al[74]	Spironolactone	BDL	Inhibits hepatic fibrosis, ROCK-2 activity and activates NO/PKG pathway
Gao et al[75]	Celecoxib	TAA	Inhibits hepatic fibrosis and angiogenesis. The anti-angiogenesis effect associates with the modulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2
Rosado et al[76]	Terutroban	CCl4/BDL	In CCl4-cirrhotic rats decreases hepatic fibrosis, in BDL-rats enhances eNOS-dependent vasodilatation
Wang et al[77]	Rapamycin	BDL	Ameliorates intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis, improves liver function
Laleman et al[78]	NitroflurbiprofenFlurbiprofen	TAA/IPPRLs	Decreases hepatic TXA2 production and increases intrahepatic nitrate/nitrite level
Yang et al[79]	Vitamin E	BDL	Asymmetric dimethylarginine improves hepatic endothelial dysfunction by a vitamin E through an increase of NO bioavailability
Liu et al[80]	Blebbistatin	In vitro	Inhibits the contraction and accelerates migration of HSC
Verbeke et al[81]	Obeticholic acid	BDL	Decreases hepatic vascular resistance by increasing eNOS activity
Steib et al[82]	Montelukast	TAA/BDL	Inhibiting the cysteinyl leukotrienes receptors reduces hepatic vascular resistance
Xu et al[83]	Salvianolic acid B	DMN/In vitro	Reduces HSCs contractility
Fernandez et al[84]	Rapamycin+Gleevec	PPVL	Reduces splanchnic neovascularization
Schwabl et al[85]	Pioglitazone	BDL/PPVL	Decreases portosystemic shunting
Fallowfield et al[86]	Relaxin	CCl4/BDL/In vitro	Down-regulates HSC- myofibroblast contractile filament expression and contractile function
Lin et al[87]	Bivanib alaninate	BDL/ IPPRLs/In vitro	Suppresses and ameliorates fibrogenic and angiogenic markers in the serum and liver. Inhibits the TGFβ1-induced HSCs contraction/migration and VEGF-induced SECs angiogenesis

IPPRLs: Isolated portal perfused rat livers; BDL: Bile-duct ligated rats; TAA: Thiacetamide-induced cirrhosis in rats; DMN: Dimethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhosis in rats; PPVL: Partial portal vein ligation in rats.