Fecal microbiota transplantation as novel therapy in gastroenterology: A systematic review

Table 5 Studies on fecal microbiota transplantation in Clostridium difficile-infection, outcome data

First author	Year	Patients enrolled (n)	Age (mean ± SD or median, range/IQR)	Male sex (n)	FU	Primary endpoint	Resolution of diarrhea	Resolution of diarrhea + free from relapse during FU
Aas	2003	181	73 ± 9	5	3 mo	90 d	94%	\
Arkkila	2010	37	69 (24-90)		12 mo		92%	86%
Aroniadis	2013	132	70 (38-89)	3	15 mo (1-42)	1-7 d	84%, 92%3	50%
Bansal	2013	12	70 (31-96)	4	3 mo	> 90 d	92%	\
Bobo	2013	214	70.9 ± 11.9	10	1 mo	30 d	95%	\
Borody	2013	285	F:36 ± 18.1 M: 31 ± 16	17			86%
Bowden	1981	16	56 (14-85)	7	12 d	12 d	81%	\
Brandt	2012	77	65 ± 17	21	17 mo (3-68)	90 d	91%	81%
Byrne	2008	45	62 (30-91)	12	12 mo		96%
Eisman	1958	4	45-68	3	< 10 d	24-48 h	100%	100%
Elopre	2013	26	48, 48	1	5 yr and 6 wk	1 d	100%	100%
Fischer	2013	127	46 ± 17	7	30 d	7 d	75%/, 92%/3	75%
Garborg	2010	39	75 (53-94)	18	3 mo	80 d	73%, 83%3	\
Hamilton	2012	435	69 ± 21	12	2 mo	1-2 mo	86%, 95%3
Ihunnah	2013	668			12 mo (3-51)		78%, 89%3	78% after 12 wk
Jorup-Rönström	2012	32	75 (27–94)	12	26 mo (1-68)		69%
Kassam	2010	141	65.3 (26-87)	7	7 mo	24 h	100%
Kelly	2012	26	59 (19-86)	2	11 mo (2-30)	post FMT	92%	85%
Khanna	2013	135	27 (21-48)	8		1-14 d	50%
Louie	2013	259			6 mo		100%	100%
MacConnachie	2009	151	81.5 (68-95)	14	4 mo (1-6)	5-24 wk	73%, 80%3	67%
Mattila	2012	701	70 (22-90)	28	12 mo	12 wk	94%	89%
Mellow	2010	131	67 (32-87)	7	5 mo (1-10)	30 d	92%	85%
Miller	2010	2	34-50	0	9 mo, 1 mo	9 mo, 1 mo	100%	\
Neelakanta	2011	25	27-39	1	12 mo, 5 mo	2 wk, post FMT	50%	50%
Newton	2013	176			90 d	post FMT	94%	76%
Potakamuri	2013	13	73.8 ± 18.8	2	5 wk- 18 mo	> 1 mo	92%	46%
Rohlke	2010	19	49 (29-82)	2	27.2 yr (6-65)	6 mo	95%, 100%3	79%
Rubin	2013	7418	63 (6-94)	26	2 mo	60 d	79%	58%
Shiekh Sroujieh	2012	68	66 (16-93)		100 d	1-4 d	100%	100%
Silverman	2010	7	72 (30-88)	4	4- 14 mo	post FMT	100%	100%
Van Nood	2013	16110	73 ± 13	8	2.5- 5 mo	10 wk	81%, 94%3	81%
Yoon	2010	12	66 (30-86)	3	3 wk- 8 yr	3-5 d	100%	100%
Youngster	2013	12			2 mo	8 wk	92%	\

¹Recurrent/refractory CDI. Aas et al (18), Kassam et al (7), MacConnachie et al (15), Mattila et al (70), Mellow et al (13), Rubin et al (74), van Nood et al (16);

²Severe CDI 84%, complicated CDI 92%;

³Resolution of diarrhea (% of the patients) after 2 FMT's;

⁴All patients were hospitalised at inclusion;

⁵IBD. Hamilt et al (14): CD (6), UC (4), lymphocytic colitis (4). Neelak et al (1 UC, 1 CD). Khanna et al CD (7), UC (6). Borody et al CD (14), UC (14);

⁶Patients were immunocompromised: upon review of their medical history, Newton et al (7) based on HIV Elopre et al (2);

⁷Other diagnoses (12): UC (3), UC and livertransplant for PSC (1), CD(3), multivisceral transplant (2), multiple myeloma (1), lung transplant (1), renal transplant (1);

⁸Cases included 5 pediatric (Ihunnah et al) and 2 pediatric patients (Rubin et al);

⁹> 3 episodes (25);

¹⁰Amount of patients randomised to intervention (FMT) arm. /: Outcome defined as negative stool test (PCR) after FMT only; \: No further follow up after archivieving the primary endpoint. FMT: Fecal microbiota transplantation; FU: Follow-up.