Reversibility and heritability of liver fibrosis: Implications for research and therapy

Table 2 Summary of studies evaluating lysine methylation in liver fibrosis

Histone mark	Function	Ref.
H3K9me3 H3K27me3	MeCP2 binds to the 5' end of PPARγ and promotes methylation of H3K9. MeCP2 stimulates expression of EZH2 and methylation of H3K27 to form a repressive chromatin structure in the 3' exons of PPARγ	Mann et al[16]
H3K9me2	Repression of IκBα promoter. 5-azadC treatment of aHSCs increased expression of IκBα and protein	Mann et al[24]
H3K4	ASH1 (H3K4 methyltransferase) binds to promoters and 5' end of αSMA, collagen I, TIMP-1 and TGFβ-1 in aHSCs resulting in transcriptional activation of gene expression	Perugorria et al[33]
H3K4 H3K27	ASH1 and EZH2 lysin methyltransferases that regualte H3K4 and H3K27 methylation, respectively were upregulated during liver fibrosis progression and downregulated during fibrosis resolution	Atta et al[32]