Prognostic roles of preoperative α-fetoprotein and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Table 4 Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis C virus infection

Variables	All patients (n = 100)	LL group (n = 34)	HL group (n = 39)	HH group (n = 27)	P value
Age (yr)	71 (62-77)	72 (64-77)	70 (62-75)	70 (65-77)	0.766
Sex, male/female	82/18	22/12	29/10	16/11	0.413
Body mass index	23.6 ± 3.6	23.6 ± 2.9	23.8 ± 3.8	23.4 ± 4.1	0.737
Open/Pure Lap/Lap-assisted	77/12/11	26/3/5	27/8/4	24/1/2	0.218
Hr
0/S/1/2/3	57/27/11/2/3	23/8/3/0/0	21/10/5/1/2	13/9/3/1/1	0.784
Preoperative laboratory values
Aspartate transaminase (U/L)	47 (30-64)	41 (23-56)	48 (35-67)	53 (47-71)	0.101
Alanine transaminase (U/L)	38 (26-57)	33 (21-53)	41 (28-57)	42 (29-62)	0.496
Platelets (× 104/μL)	13.5 ± 6.8	13.9 ± 4.7	13.9 ± 9.2	12.5 ± 4.4	0.804
Serum ALB (g/dL)	3.76 ± 0.39	3.94 ± 0.40	3.67 ± 0.35	3.67 ± 0.38	0.0061
PT (%)	89.8 ± 13.4	92.5 ± 11.4	87.8 ± 15.0	89.2 ± 13.5	0.254
Serum TBIL (mg/dL)	0.78 ± 0.34	0.74 ± 0.32	0.79 ± 0.33	0.81 ± 0.39	0.777
ICGR15	14.2 (8.4-18.5)	12.1 (8.1-15.4)	14.7 (8.4-21.5)	15.6 (13.0-24.6)	0.163
AFP (ng/mL)	18.6 (5.6-134.0)	5.3 (3.8-11.0)	21.1 (6.9-99.2)	299.7 (68.1-1046.0)	< 0.0011
DCP (mAU/mL)	45 (21-244)	22 (15-35)	37 (23-134)	429 (124-1902)	< 0.0011
Intraoperative data
Blood loss (mL)	330 (20-650)	263 (70-500)	230 (20-500)	535 (300-1270)	0.0061
Surgical duration (min)	304 (230-377)	303 (175-377)	296 (230-352)	345 (282-475)	0.0401
Blood transfusion
RCC: yes/no (%)	12/88 (12.0%)	3/31 (8.8%)	2/37 (5.1%)	7/20 (25.9%)	0.0301
Pathologic results
Tumor size (cm)	3.51 ± 2.48	2.84 ± 1.23	3.26 ± 2.31	4.72 ± 3.39	0.0081
Multiple tumor: yes/no (%)	36/64 (36.0%)	8/26 (23.5%)	17/22 (43.6%)	11/16 (40.7%)	0.171
Vascular invasion: yes/no (%)	30/70 (30.0%)	5/29 (14.7%)	12/27 (30.8%)	13/14 (48.1%)	0.0181
Remnant liver: NL/CH/LC	5/37/58	2/18/14	2027/10/2	2017/9/1	0.161
Histological tumor differentiation
Well/Moderately/Poorly	17/63/20	7/23/4	8/24/7	2/16/9	0.213
Recurrence within 2 yr after hepatectomy
Yes/no (%)	51/49 (51.0%)

¹Represents statistically significance. Data are presented as medians (25^th-75^th percentile range) for skewed distribution and mean ± SD for normal distribution. LL group: AFP values < 21.0 ng/mL and DCP values < 67 mAU/mL; HL group: AFP values < 21.0 ng/mL or DCP values < 67 mAU/mLF; HH group: AFP values < 21.0 ng/mL and DCP values < 67 mAU/mL; Open group: Open laparotomy group; Lap group: Laparoscopic hepatectomy group; Pure Lap: Pure laparoscopic hepatectomy; Lap-assisted, laparoscopy-assisted hepatectomy; Hr0: Partial hepatectomy; HrS: Sub-segmentectomy; Hr1: Sectionectomy; Hr2: Bisegmentectomy; Hr3: Trisegmentectomy. ALB: albumin; PT: prothrombin; TBIL: total bilirubin; ICGR15: indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin.