Prognostic roles of preoperative α-fetoprotein and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Table 1 Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis B virus infection

Variables	All patients (n = 105)	LL group (n = 55)	HL group (n = 34)	HH group (n = 16)	P value
Age (yr)	62 (57-68)	62 (59-66)	64 (56-70)	63 (56-70)	0.962
Sex, male/female	90/15	48/7	29/5	13/3	0.829
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.7 ± 3.1	24.0 ± 2.6	23.5 ± 3.3	23.1 ± 4.3	0.691
Open/pure lap/lap-assisted	83/8/14	43/6/6	29/1/4	11/1/4	0.390
Hr
0/S/1/2/3	50/25/14/14/2	34/13/6/2/0	14/10/4/4/2	2/2/4/8/0	< 0.001
Preoperative laboratory values
Aspartate transaminase (U/L)	31 (22-46)	31 (22-41)	30 (25-48)	43 (24-62)	0.153
Alanine transaminase (U/L)	29 (20-39)	32 (17-42)	27 (21-42)	27 (19-52)	0.978
Platelets (× 104/μL)	16.6 ± 13.3	16.4 ± 12.7	16.2 ± 16.2	18.0 ± 8.6	0.168
Serum ALB (g/dL)	3.95 ± 0.46	3.99 ± 0.46	3.87 ± 0.43	3.98 ± 0.53	0.334
PT (%)	93.3 ± 12.2	95.5 ± 11.1	90.3 ± 14.1	92.2 ± 10.6	0.062
Serum TBIL (mg/dL)	0.79 ± 0.44	0.80 ± 0.45	0.85 ± 0.49	0.65 ± 0.24	0.681
ICGR15	9.6 (5.7-14.9)	9.4 (5.9-14.0)	12.5 (5.7-22.5)	8.5 (5.0-14.6)	0.334
AFP (ng/mL)	24.2 (3.8-165.0)	5.2 (2.4-31.1)	45.0 (5.1-246.5)	1950 (753.5-2827.0)	< 0.001
DCP (mAU/mL)	38 (20-364)	22 (15-28)	399 (90-1,667)	4460 (223-34373)	< 0.001
Intraoperative data
Blood loss (mL)	400 (130-660)	360 (110-560)	435 (100-1,040)	880 (130-1330)	0.042
Surgical duration (min)	332 (243-411)	313 (236-370)	361 (243-450)	432 (270-604)	0.020
Blood transfusion
RCC: yes/no (%)	21/84 (20.0%)	4/51 (7.2%)	10/24 (29.4%)	7/9 (43.8%)	0.001
Pathological results
Tumor size (cm)	4.27 ± 3.21	3.26 ± 2.56	4.97 ± 2.71	6.24 ± 4.77	< 0.001
Multiple tumors: yes/no (%)	39/66 (37.1%)	19/36 (34.5%)	15/19 (44.1%)	5/11 (31.3%)	0.575
Vascular invasion: yes/no (%)	34/71 (32.4%)	10/45 (18.2%)	14/20 (41.1%)	10/6 (62.5%)	0.002
Remnant liver: NL/CH/LC	13/47/41	6/23/26	3/17/14	4/7/5	0.464
Histological tumor differentiation
Well/moderately/poorly	14/63/28	11/35/9	3/18/13	0/10/6	0.048
Recurrence within 2 yr after liver resection
Yes/no (%)	50/55 (47.6%)

Data are presented as medians (25^th-75^th percentile range) for skewed distribution and mean ± SD for normal distribution. LL group: AFP values < 529.8 ng/mL and DCP values < 60 mAU/mL; HL group: AFP values > 529.8 ng/mL or DCP values > 60 mAU/mL; HH group: AFP values > 529.8 ng/mL and DCP values > 60 mAU/mL; Open group: Open laparotomy hepatectomy group; Lap group: laparoscopic hepatectomy group; Pure Lap: Pure laparoscopic hepatectomy; Lap-assisted: Laparoscopy-assisted hepatectomy. Hr0: Partial hepatectomy; HrS: Subsegmentectomy; Hr1: Sectionectomy; Hr2: Bisegmentectomy; Hr3: Trisegmentectomy; ALB: Albumin; PT: Prothrombin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ICGR15: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin.