Anxiety and depression in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and their effect on quality of life

Table 2 Characteristics of anxiety symptoms according to the Zung self-rating anxiety scale n (%)

Group	Normal	Mild to moderate	Severe	Extreme
Healthy control	86 (86)	13 (13)	1 (1)	0 (0)
RE	61 (45.52)	59 (44.03)	14 (10.44)	0 (0)
NERD	49 (33.79)	72 (49.66)	24 (16.55)	0 (0)

Compared with the healthy controls, the constituent ratios of the RE and the NERD groups were significantly different (χ² = 40.829, 66.222; P < 0.001, 0.001, respectively). The results of the RE group were similar to those of the NERD group (χ² = 4.805; P = 0.091). RE: Reflux esophagitis; NERD: Non-erosive reflux disease.