Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Technical aspects of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy. A: Liver dynamic computed tomography showing multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein thrombosis; B: The embolization of non-target vessels to minimize the flow of chemotherapeutic agents into both uninvolved liver parenchyma and extrahepatic tissues; C: After finding HCC in the feeding artery, the tip of the catheter was located at the proper hepatic or common hepatic artery, chemotherapeutic agents were infused through a pump; D: The proximal end of the catheter was connected to the injection port, which was implanted in a subcutaneous pocket in the right iliac fossa.