Is endoscopic submucosal dissection safe for papillary adenocarcinoma of the stomach?

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent surgical operation for papillary adenocarcinoma-type early gastric cancers n (%)

Characteristic
No. of patients	49
Median age, yr (range)	66 (48-80)
Gender
Male	35 (71)
Female	14 (29)
Location
Upper third	5 (10)
Middle third	2 (4)
Lower third	42 (86)
Macroscopic shape
Elevated	36 (73)
Flat	0 (0)
Depressed	13 (27)
Ulceration	12 (24)
Histologic type
PP type	28 (57)
MP with diff.	14 (29)
MP with undiff.	7 (14)
Median size, mm (range)	30 (9-105)
≤ 30	24 (49)
> 30	25 (51)
Depth of invasion
Mucosa (m1:m2:m3)	14 (0:0:14) (29)
Submucosa (sm1:sm2)	35 (8:27) (71)
Lymphovascular invasion	15 (31)
Lymph node metastasis	9 (18)

PP type: Pure papillary type; MP with diff.: Mixed papillary type with differentiated component; MP with undiff.: Mixed papillary type with undifferentiated component.