Diagnostic value of PIVKA-II and alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population (n = 1255)

	Non-cirrhotic CHB (n = 879)	Cirrhosis without HCC (n = 219)	HCC (n = 157)	P value
Age (yr)	45 (17-97)	54 (26-92)	57 (34-89)	0.0001
Gender (M:F)	549:330	151:68	124:33	0.0001
AFP (ng/mL)	2.5 (0.6-602.8)	3.3 (0.6-233.6)	55.9 (0.6-121000.0)	0.0001
PIVKA-II (mAU/mL)	23 (6-162)	19 (4-312)	202 (10-2000)	0.0001
INR	1.00 (0.84-3.24)	1.11 (0.92-2.38)	1.12 (0.79-8.93)	0.0001
Albumin (g/dL)	4.5 (2.3-5.3)	4.2 (0.5-5.2)	3.6 (2.0-5.2)	0.0001
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.7 (0.2-19.2)	0.9 (0.2-18.9)	1.0 (0.3-14.7)	0.0001
ALT (IU/L)	26.5 (2-3112)	31 (8-886)	39 (6-1155)	0.1220
MELD score	7.1	10.1	9.9	0.0001
TNM stage n (%)	NA	NA
I			22 (14.0)
II			58 (36.9)
III			32 (20.4)
IV			45 (28.7)
Early HCC n (%)	NA	NA	46 (29.3)

Data are expressed as number or median (range). CHB: Chronic hepatitis B; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; M: Male; F: Female; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; PIVKA-II: Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; TNM: Tumor-nodes-metastasis; NA: Not applicable.