Cholecystectomy and the risk of alimentary tract cancers: A systematic review

Table 9 Descriptive characteristics of studies on the association between cholecystectomy and colorectal cancer

Ref.	Period of study	Study design	No. of cases	No. of controls	Exposure ascertainment	Outcome ascertainment	Follow-up (yr)	Effect estimate	Adjustments	Quality of publication
Nogueira et al[21], 2014	1992-2005	Case-control	3907/150045	2572/100000	Medicare database	Cancer registry	> 6	OR = 0.97 (0.92-1.02)	Age, gender	49
Schmidt et al[60], 2012	1992 -1994	Case-Control	10/254	0/1043	National database	Cancer registry	24	HR = 1.20 (0.85-1.70)	Age, gender	41
Todoroki et al[67], 1999	1991-1994	Case-Control	226/1982	270/2129	Medicare database and self report	Cancer registry	≥ 2	OR = 1.1 (0.9-1.3)	Age, gender, Family history, BMI, diet, NSAIDs	48
Zeng et al[62], 1993	1965-1986	Case-Control	8/503	18/2188	Hospital records	Hospital records	≥ 2.5	OR = 1.95 (0.84-4.51)		26
Neugut et al[66], 1991	1986-1988	Case-Control	11/106	41/507	Hospital Records	Self-report	2	OR = 0.96 (0.46-1.98)	Age, gender	34
Lee et al[54], 1989	1980-1987	Case-Control	40/165	19/165	Hospital Records	Hospital Records	≥ 2	RR = 2.11 (1.19-3.85)		30
Kune et al[65], 1988	1980-1981	Case-Control	35/715	57/727	Hospital Records	Self-reporting and hospital records		RR = 1.10 (0.7-1.1)		36
Neugut et al[58], 1988	1983-1985	Case-Control	11/56	10/84	Hospital records	Self-reporting		OR = 1.8 (0.6-5.4)	Age, socioeconomic status	38
Friedman et al[63], 1987	1971-1984	Case-Control	174/5898	773/27687	Medicare Database	Cancer registry	≥ 2	OR = 1.1 (0.9-1.2)	Age, gender, geographical area, calendar year	47
1Weiss et al[53], 1982	1976-1977	Case-Control	92	687	Cancer Registry	Self-reporting	≥ 1	RR = 1.4 (0.7-2.6)		40
2Turnbull et al[61], 1981	1972-1976	Case-Control	20/305	5	Hospital records	Hospital records	> 5	RR = 2.7		33
Chen et al[29], 2014	2000-2010	Cohort	67/5850	76/5850	National database	Cancer registry	10	HR = 1.56 (1.12-2.17)	Age, gender, comorbidities	53
2Hartz et al[55], 2012	1993-1998	Cohort	1207/150912	NA	National database	Self-report	8	HR = 1.36 (1.13-1.64)	Age, smoking, obesity, Family history, comorbidities	48
Shao et al[56], 2005	1987-2002	Cohort	297/55960	574668	National database	National database		IRR = 1.32 (1.16-1.48	Age, gender	54
2Schernhammer et al[59], 2003	1982-1998	Cohort	133/6669	78515	National database of nurses	Self-report and National death registry	16	RR = 1.21 (1.01-1.46)	Age, smoking, BMI, lifestyle factors, comorbidities	57
1Johansen et al[64], 1996	1977-1989	Cohort	225/42098	NA	Hospital database	Cancer registry	1-16	RR = 1.09 (1.0-1.2)	Age, gender, calendar year	43
Linos et al[57], 1981	1950-1969	Cohort	42/1681		Hospital database	Hospital records and self reporting		2RR = 1.3 (0.9-1.9)3RR = 1.3 (0.7-2.2)		34

¹Excluding rectal cancer;

²Women only;

³Men only; NA: Not available; BMI: Body mass index; NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.