FoxM1 overexpression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.196

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2015; 21(1): 196-213
Published online Jan 7, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.196

Table 2 Correlation between forkhead box protein M1 and E-cadherin expression and clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients n (%)

Variable	Patients	FOXM1 expression		P-value	E-cadherin expression		P-value
Variable	Patients	Low	High	P-value	Low	High	P-value
Gender
Male	116 (67)	48 (41)	68 (59)	0.185	73 (63)	43 (37)	0.187
Female	56 (33)	17 (30)	39 (70)	0.185	29 (52)	27 (48)
Age (yr)
≤ 50	73 (42)	24 (33)	49 (67)	0.270	42 (58)	31 (42)	0.754
> 50	99 (58)	41 (41)	58 (59)	0.270	60 (61)	39 (39)
Underlying liver disease
HBV	133 (69)	51 (38)	82 (62)	0.852	80 (60)	53 (40)	0.713
Others	39 (31)	14 (36)	25 (64)	0.852	22 (56)	17 (44)
Liver function (Child-Pugh classification)
Grade A	157 (91)	59 (38)	98 (62)	0.720	93 (59)	64 (41)	0.913
Grade B	11 (6)	4 (36)	7 (64)		7 (64)	4 (36)
Grade C	4 (3)	2 (50)	2 (50)		2 (50)	2 (50)
Preoperative AFP level
≤ 200 ng/mL	66 (42)	19 (29)	47 (71)	0.095	40 (61)	26 (39)	0.330
> 200 ng/mL	90 (58)	38 (42)	52 (58)	0.095	47 (52)	43 (48)
Tumor size
≤ 8 cm	116 (69)	52 (45)	64 (55)	0.002^a	71 (61)	45 (39)	0.611
> 8 cm	51 (31)	10 (20)	41 (80)	0.002^a	29 (57)	22 (43)
Tumor number
≤ 3	157 (91)	64 (40)	93 (60)	0.010^a	95 (61)	62 (39)	0.410
> 3	15 (9)	1 (7)	14 (93)	0.010^a	7 (47)	8 (53)
Cirrhotic background
No	39 (23)	11 (28)	28 (72)	0.191	18 (46)	21 (54)	0.066
Yes	133 (77)	54 (41)	79 (59)	0.191	84 (63)	49 (37)
Macrovascular invasion
No	149 (87)	63 (42)	86 (58)	0.002^a	82 (55)	67 (45)	0.003^a
Yes	23 (13)	2 (9)	21 (91)	0.002^a	20 (87)	3 (13)
Tumor differentiation
G1/G2	154 (94)	56 (34)	98 (66)	0.502	87 (56)	67 (44)	0.047^a
G3	10 (6)	5 (80)	5 (20)	0.502	9 (90)	1 (10)
TNM stage
Stage I + II	135 (78)	58 (43)	77 (57)	0.008^a	73 (53)	62 (47)	0.008^a
Stage III (IIIA+IIIB+IIIC)	37 (22)	7 (19)	30 (81)	0.008^a	29 (78)	8 (22)

^aP < 0.05. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: α-fetoprotein; TNM: Tumor-nodes-metastasis; FoxM1: Forkhead box protein M1.

Citation: Meng FD, Wei JC, Qu K, Wang ZX, Wu QF, Tai MH, Liu HC, Zhang RY, Liu C. FoxM1 overexpression promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(1): 196-213
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v21/i1/196.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.196