Risk factors for bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection of colorectal neoplasms

Table 1 Indications for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Large lesions (diameter > 20 mm) for which endoscopic treatment is indicated but en bloc resection by snare endoscopic mucosal dissection would be difficult

Laterally spreading tumor of the non-granular type, particularly the pseudo-depressed type

Lesions showing a type V I pit pattern

Cancer with submucosal infiltration

Large depressed type tumor

Large lesions of the protruded type suspected to be carcinoma1

Mucosal lesions with fibrosis caused by prolapse due to biopsy or peristalsis of the lesions2

Local residual early cancer after endoscopic resection

Sporadic localized tumors with chronic inflammation, such as ulcerative colitis

¹Including laterally spreading tumors of the granular type consisting of large nodules;

²Caused by biopsy or peristalsis of the lesion (prolapse).