Possible roles of insulin, IGF-1 and IGFBPs in initiation and progression of colorectal cancer

Table 3 Comparisons of serum levels of biomarkers between patients with and without post-surgical metastasis (x bar ± s)

Biomarker	With metastasis(n = 305)	Without metastasis(n = 66)	P value
Insulin (μIU/mL)	10.95 ± 7.57	10.05 ± 6.36	0.88
IGF-1 (ng/mL)	206.12 ± 22.65	200.64 ± 32.71	0.94
IGFBP-1 (ng/mL)	6.99 ± 2.94	6.91 ± 2.66	0.53
IGFBP-3 (μg/mL)	7.35 ± 3.85	7.01 ± 1.26	0.20
IGF-1/IGFBP-3	31.93 ± 11.91	30.99 ± 12.85	0.89
Leptin (ng/mL)	13.07 ± 4.86	13.43 ± 7.08	0.32

IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein.