Meta-analysis of the efficacy of probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy

Table 1 Initial and rechecked Helicobacter pylori assessments, follow-up times, loss rates, and scoring systems used to assess adverse effects in the included studies

Ref.	H. pylori assessment		Follow-up time	Loss rate	Side effect scoring system
	Initial	Rechecking
Emara et al[15]	HpSA, RUT, Histology	HpSA, RUT, Histology	4 wk1	0.00%	Non-Boer
			6 wk2
Medeiros et al[16]	Culture	UBT	≥ 6 wk	0.00%	Not reported
Song et al[17]	RUT, Histology	UBT	4 wk	8.50%	Non-Boer
Du et al[18]	RUT, UBT, Pathologic examination	UBT	4 wk	2.60%	Non-Boer
Deguchi et al[19]	Culture, Histology, RUT	UBT, HpSA	8 wk	5.20%	Not reported
Mirzaee et al[20]	UBT	UBT	4 wk	16.20%	Non-Boer
Canducci et al[21]	UBT, Histology	UBT, Histology, Endoscopy	6 wk	2.50%	By de Boer et al
Nista et al[22]	UBT	UBT	6 wk	5.70%	By de Boer et al
Sheu et al[23]	Histology, RUT	UBT, Histology, RUT	4 wk1	6.90%	Non-Boer
			8 wk2
Myllyluoma et al[24]	Rapid whole blood test, UBT, EIA serology	UBT, EIA, serology	4 wk1	0.00%	By de Boer et al
			4 mo2
Yaşar et al[25]	Histology	UBT	4 wk	8.90%	Non-Boer
Kim et al[26]	RUT, Histology	UBT	4-6 wk	3.00%	Non-Boer
Scaccianoce et al[27]	Histology	UBT	4-6 wk	3.00%	Non-Boer
Cindoruk et al[28]	Histology	UBT	6 wk	0.00%	By de Boer et al

¹Probiotic group;

²Control group. EIA: Enzyme immunoassay; HpSA: H. pylori stool antigen test; RUT: Rapid urease test; UBT: C13 or C14 urea breath test.