Helicobacter pylori infection and atopic diseases: Is there a relationship? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Summary of studies evaluating the prevalence of atopy/allergic disorders in Helicobacter pylori positive (cases) and Helicobacter pylori negative (controls) subjects n (%)

Ref.	Location	Population	H. pylori measure	Definition of atopy/Allergic disease	Atopy-Allergic disorders/H. pylori +	Atopy-Allergic disorders/H. pylori -
Kosunen et al[26]	Finland	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG, IgA	Specific IgE antibodies (against birch, timothy pollen, cat and dog epitelium allergens) in 1973	16 (10.9)	20 (11.2)
Kosunen et al[26]	Finland	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG, IgA	Specific IgE antibodies (against birch, timothy pollen, cat and dog epitelium allergens) in 1994	3 (5.1)	54 (20.8)
Linneberg et al[27]	Denmark	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Specific IgE (at least 6 allergens: birch, grass, mug, wort, dog, cat, mite)	75 (27.5)	323 (39.2)
Linneberg et al[27]	Denmark	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any symptoms of allergic rhinitis)	48 (17.7)	236 (28.7)
Cullinan et al[28]	United Kingdom	Adults	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Skin prick tests to extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, cat fur or grass pollen	53 (35.0)	278 (37.0)
McCune et al[29]	England	Adult	C13-urea breath test	Self-reported use of any appropriate medications for asthma, rhinitis and eczema, as surrogate markers of these diseases	85 (7.9)	235 (10.9)
Jarvis et al[30]	United Kingdom	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of wheezing)	60 (28.9)	165 (27.2)
Jarvis et al[30]	United Kingdom	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of walking with cough)	62 (30.0)	190 (31.0)
Jarvis et al[30]	United Kingdom	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of hay fever or nasal allergies)	60 (28.9)	181 (29.6)
Jarvis et al[30]	United Kingdom	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Specific IgE (to any of five allergens: house dust mite, cat, grass, Cladoporum and birch)	83 (39.9)	230 (37.6)
Chen et al[31]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG and anti- H. pylori CagA IgG	Self-reported asthma (current)	169 (4.5)	196 (5.0)
Chen et al[31]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG and anti- H. pylori CagA IgG	Self-reported asthma (lifetime)	229 (6.1)	296 (7.5)
Chen et al[31]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG and anti-H. pylori CagA IgG	Specific IgE for Ragweed	204 (33.0)	741 (6.7)
Chen et al[32]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of asthma)	267 (10.2)	679 (14.2)
Chen et al[32]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of dermatitis, eczema or rash)	234 (8.9)	514 (10.7)
Chen et al[32]	United States	Adult	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of wheezing)	275 (10.5)	653 (13.6)
Seiskari et al[33]	Russian Karelia	Children	Anti-H. pylori IgG	Specific IgE (for at least one allergen for birch, cat and egg albumin	9 (5.0)	8 (11.0)
Baccioglu et al[34]	Turkey	Adults	Microscopy on gastric tissue samples	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of doctor-diagnosed asthma)	8 (11.0)	5 (31.0)
Baccioglu et al[34]	Turkey	Adults	Microscopy on gastric tissue samples	Self-reported allergic rhinitis symptoms	45 (61.0)	11 (69.0)
Baccioglu et al[34]	Turkey	Adults	Microscopy on gastric tissue samples	Self-reported urticaria in the last two years	20 (27.0)	6 (38.0)
Baccioglu et al[34]	Turkey	Adults	Microscopy on gastric tissue samples	Self-reported food allergy symptoms	9 (12.0)	1 (6.0)
Baccioglu et al[34]	Turkey	Adults	Microscopy on gastric tissue samples	Skin prick test	20 (7.0)	4 (25.0)
Cam et al[35]	Turkey	School children	C13-urea breath test	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of doctor diagnosed allergic rhinitis)	3 (6.4)	1 (3.7)
Cam et al[35]	Turkey	School children	C13-urea breath test	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of doctor diagnosed asthma)	3 (6.4)	1 (3.7)
Cam et al[35]	Turkey	School children	C13-urea breath test	Questionnaires (about any occurrence of doctor diagnosed atopic dermatitis)	4 (8.5)	1 (3.7)
Cam et al[35]	Turkey	School children	C13-urea breath test	Skin prick test to extracts of five groups of aeroallergens (mites, molds, pollens, animal dander, insects)	15 (31.9)	13 (48.1)

H. pylori:Helicobacter pylori.