Upper-gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease: Incidence and outcomes

Table 6 Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) among all hospitalized patients with an gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease and a Canadian Classification of Health Interventions procedural code for an upper endoscopy (n = 5422)

	In-hospital mortality	30-d readmission1	Surgical intervention
One year increase (yr)	0.98 (0.94-1.03)	1.10 (1.02-1.18)	0.98 (0.91-1.05)
Female to male	1.35 (1.10-1.64)	1.13 (0.84-1.51)	0.92 (0.69-1.22)
Age ≥ 65 yr to age < 65 yr	1.56 (1.24-1.95)	1.70 (1.23-2.36)	0.64 (0.49-0.85)
Rural to urban	0.90 (0.69-1.17)	2.51 (1.85-3.41)	0.88 (0.61-1.27)
Perforation to no perforation	1.96 (1.08-3.57)	1.65 (0.65-4.16)	Not Applicable
Surgery2	2.04 (1.34-3.1)	1.64 (0.85-3.18)	Not Applicable
Interventional radiology2	2.30 (0.95-5.55)	0.74 (0.10-5.52)	5.38 (2.32-12.47)
Charlson comorbidities3
1-2 comorbidities	3.21 (2.3-4.47)	1.28 (0.92-1.79)	1.03 (0.75-1.41)
≥ 3 comorbidities	10.32 (7.55-14.1)	1.12 (0.76-1.64)	1.01 (0.72-1.43)

¹Those who died in hospital were excluded from the calculation for readmission (n = 4940 included in analysis);

²Those who had the procedure performed compared to those who did not;

³Patients who had no Charlson comorbidities was used as the reference group.