Upper-gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease: Incidence and outcomes

Table 5 Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) among all hospitalized patients where gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease was the primary reason for hospital stay (n = 4713)

	In-hospital mortality (95%CI)	30-d readmission (95%CI)1	Surgical intervention (95%CI)
One year increase (yr)	0.96 (0.89-1.04)	1.09 (1.02-1.16)	0.99 (0.93-1.07)
Female to male	1.42 (1.03-1.96)	1.02 (0.78-1.35)	1.03 (0.76-1.38)
Age ≥ 65 yr to age < 65 yr	2.90 (1.90-4.43)	1.83 (1.35-2.47)	0.78 (0.58-1.06)
Rural to urban	0.89 (0.59-1.35)	2.35 (1.77-3.14)	1.10 (0.77-1.57)
Perforation to no perforation	3.70 (2.05-6.69)	1.35 (0.60-3.04)
Surgery2	3.30 (1.89-5.74)	1.42 (0.72-2.8)
Interventional radiology2	4.89 (1.54-15.54)	0.88 (0.11-6.7)	8.59 (3.54-20.85)
Upper endoscopy2	0.62 (0.44-0.88)	0.71 (0.53-0.95)	0.79 (0.58-1.08)
Charlson comorbidities3
1-2 comorbidities	2.56 (1.67-3.95)	1.22 (0.90-1.66)	1.30 (0.94-1.81)
≥ 3 comorbidities	6.63 (4.33-10.16)	1.33 (0.92-1.94)	1.24 (0.83-1.87)

¹Those who died in hospital were excluded from the calculation for readmission (n = 4538);

²Those who had the procedure performed compared to those who did not;

³Patients who had no Charlson comorbidities was used as the reference group.